WPR19LA064

NTSB accident investigation · Beech 35 · Port Hadlock, WA · January 13, 2019

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
January 13, 2019, 13:58 local (21:58 UTC)
Place
Port Hadlock, WA
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N5093CBeech 35
Defining event
Enroute-climb to cruise: Loss of engine power (total)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Continental Motors, Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20190113000229A
Case key
98835

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

A total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation and the pilot’s mismanagement of the available fuel.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: use of equip/systemPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBeech B35: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,391 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementBeech B35: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: tree(s)Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operationBeech B35: 1 caseAll aircraft: 933 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

Shortly after takeoff and during the initial climb, the cabin door opened, and the pilot elected to return to the airport. Upon entering the downwind leg of the traffic pattern, the pilot noticed that the left fuel gauge indicated full; and the right fuel gauge indicated empty. Shortly thereafter, the engine lost total power and the pilot performed a forced landing, during which the airplane impacted trees, resulting in substantial damage. Examination of the wreckage revealed that the right main fuel tank and right tip tank had been breached during the accident sequence, while the left main wing tank and left tip tank were minimally damaged. Recovery personnel reported that about 12 gallons of aviation fuel was drained from the left main fuel tank and the left tip tank. The fuel selector handle was in the right tank position. When operated by hand, the handle moved freely through 360° rotation by hand, with each detent identified by feel. Examination revealed no mechanical anomalies with the engine or airframe that would have precluded normal operation. It is likely that the loss of engine power was the result of fuel starvation when the pilot failed to switch from the empty right main tank to the left main tank.

Factual narrative

On January 13, 2019, about 1400 Pacific standard time, a Beech B35 airplane, N5093C, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Port Hadlock, Washington. The commercial pilot received minor injuries. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The pilot reported that, shortly after takeoff from Jefferson County International Airport (0S9), the single-entry door on the right side of the airplane opened. The pilot continued the climb to pattern altitude, then turned onto a left downwind to return to 0S9. The pilot further stated that while on downwind, he noticed that the left fuel gauge showed full, but “…there was no needle movement when I thought it should be moving.” The pilot further stated that the right fuel gauge showed empty when it should have shown full (20 gallons) and that the engine lost total power. The pilot maneuvered for a small grass area that he observed through an opening in the trees. The right wing impacted a large tree trunk, which nearly separated the wing from the airplane. There was no postcrash fire. First responders who arrived shortly after the accident reported that there was no smell of fuel present at the accident site and that the pilot indicated that “…the airplane seemed to not have fuel.” The pilot reported that he departed with about 45 gallons of fuel onboard. Examination of the airplane revealed that the right main fuel tank and right tip tank were breached during the accident sequence, while the left main fuel tank and left tip tank remained intact. The fuel selector was in the right tank position. Recovery personnel drained about 12 gallons of fuel from the left main and left tip tank. When the fuel selector handle was rotated by hand, it rotated freely through 360° without binding or interruption; all detents were identified by feel. The investigation revealed no mechanical anomalies with the engine or airframe that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N5093C
Reported as
Beech 35 (B35)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
D-2355
Built
1950
Airframe hours
5,488
Engine
Continental IO-470K, 225 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 30, 2018 · 7 hours before
Departed
0S9 · Port Townsend, WA
Destination
PAE · Everett, WA
Airport
0S9 · Jefferson County International Airport
Equipment
Stall warning system, Handheld GPS, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
87
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
BasicMed, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
April 19, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
2,712 total · 1,190 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
230° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
50 °F, dew point 39 °F
Altimeter
30.13 inHg
Observed at
0S9, 1.65 nm away

Docket · 6

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 21, 2021, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 10.0 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N5093C · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.