- Date
- January 8, 2020, 16:00 local (23:00 UTC)
- Place
- Helena, MT
- Injuries
- 1 uninjured
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Takeoff
- Aircraft
- N1428PPiper PA 23
- Defining event
- Takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land
- Weather
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Status
- Completed · report June 16, 2020
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office
- Western Pacific Region
- FAA report
- 20200108003339A
- Case key
- 100820
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
The pilot's improper decision to attempt an off-airport departure from rough terrain without inspecting the takeoff area, which resulted in a collision with a shallow rut during takeoff and the nose landing gear collapsing.
Findings · 3
NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.
Sequence of events
The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.
Analysis
The flight instructor reported that, during an instructional flight in a twin-engine airplane, which included feathering and unfeathering the left engine in flight, the left engine would not restart. The airplane was unable to maintain altitude and reach the destination airport, so he landed the airplane on a field about 1/2 mile from the airport. After the instructor successfully started the engine on the ground, the student pilot walked back to the airport, while the instructor decided to attempt an off-airport departure from the frozen ground with 4-inch-tall alfalfa stubble. He chose a takeoff path that didn't have any visible obstructions, which he estimated would allow for a 3,000-ft-long ground roll. He then taxied to the edge of the field, held the brakes, applied full power to the engines, and released the brakes, and the airplane began to move. About 700 ft into the ground roll, the airplane impacted a shallow rut from an irrigation pivot, and the nose landing gear collapsed, which resulted in substantial damage to the forward fuselage. The pilot reported that his decision to take off from the field was poor because he made it without first walking the takeoff terrain.
Factual narrative
The pilot reported that during an instructional flight in a twin-engine airplane he made a successful landing to a stubble field approximately one half mile from their destination airport following a failed mid-air engine restart. After successfully starting the engine on the ground, the student walked back to the airport, while the pilot decided to attempt an off-airport departure from the frozen ground with 4 inch tall alfalfa stubble. He selected a takeoff path that didn't contain any visible obstructions and that he estimated would allow for a 3,000 ft ground roll. The pilot taxied to the edge of the field, held the brakes, applied full power to the engines, released the brakes and the airplane began to move. Approximately 700 ft into the ground roll, the airplane impacted a shallow rut from an irrigation pivot and the nose landing gear collapsed, which resulted in substantial damage to the forward fuselage. In a subsequent interview, the pilot commented that his decision to depart from the field was poor as he made the decision to execute the takeoff without first walking the takeoff terrain.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N1428P
- Reported as
- Piper PA 23 (Undesignat)
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 23-484
- Built
- 1956
- Airframe hours
- 5,051
- Engines
- Lycoming O-320, 150 horsepower, reciprocatingLycoming O-320, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Instructional · Part 91
- Airworthiness certificate
- Standard, Normal
- Last inspection
- Annual · December 16, 2019 · 12 hours before
- Departed
- HLN · Helena, MT
- Destination
- HLN · Helena, MT
- Airport
- HLN · Helena Rgnl
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 61
- Injuries
- None
- Certificates
- Airline transport, Flight instructor
- Airplane ratings
- Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 3, With waivers/limitations
- Last flight review
- August 31, 2018
- Seat
- Left
- Restraint
- Lap only
- Flight hours
- 8,174 total · 1,874 in this make and model · 7,939 as pilot in command · 294 in the last 90 days · 98 in the last 30 days · 7 in the last 24 hours
Weather
- Conditions
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Wind
- 230° at 7 knots
- Visibility
- 10 statute miles
- Temperature
- 39 °F, dew point 21 °F
- Altimeter
- 29.54 inHg
Docket · 5
The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 4, 2020, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 3.7 MB in all.
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.