WPR21LA015

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 152 · South Hill, WA · October 15, 2020

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
October 15, 2020, 16:15 local (23:15 UTC)
Place
South Hill, WA
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N6585LCessna 152
Defining event
Initial climb: Fuel contamination
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
FSDO
FAA report
20201015020859A
Case key
102153

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s failure to ensure that the fuel supply had been completely drained of water, which resulted in a partial loss of engine power during takeoff due to water contamination.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Incorrect service/maintenanceCessna 152: 26 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Inspection: preflight inspectionPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 152: 14 casesAll aircraft: 551 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot purchased the airplane 8 days before the accident via an online auction. The airplane was parked outside, partially covered, for several years before the purchase. The pilot said that he worked on the airplane to facilitate an engine run, which included draining the fuel from wing fuel tanks and the airframe fuel filter, during which he observed water in the fuel. The pilot continued to sump the fuel tanks and airframe fuel filter until no more water was present and conducted multiple engine runs with no issues noted. The day of the accident, he decided to relocate the airplane. Following an uneventful engine run-up, as the airplane climbed through about 250 ft above ground level during takeoff, the engine lost partial power. The pilot initiated a forced landing to a nearby parking lot, during which the airplane impacted an unoccupied parked vehicle, resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage and wings. Postaccident examination revealed that the right-wing fuel tank contained water. The left-wing fuel tank was empty; however, there was evidence of a fuel leak due to impact damage. Examination of the engine revealed that the No. 2 cylinder bottom spark plug exhibited foreign object debris within the electrode area. Based on the available information, it is most likely that the pilot failed to completely drain the tanks of water, which resulted in a partial loss of engine power during takeoff.

Factual narrative

On October 15, 2020, about 1615 Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 152, N6585L, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near South Hill, Washington. The pilot sustained minor injuries. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The pilot reported that he had purchased the airplane 8 days before the accident via an online auction. The airplane was parked outside and partially covered for several years before the purchase. The pilot said that he worked on the airplane to facilitate an engine run, which included draining the fuel from wing fuel tanks and the airframe fuel filter, during which he observed water in the fuel. The pilot continued to sump the fuel tanks and airframe fuel filter until no more water was present, and conducted multiple engine runs, with no issues noted. The day of the accident, he decided to relocate the airplane to Auburn, Washington. Following an uneventful engine run-up, he initiated takeoff on runway 35. As the airplane climbed through about 250 ft above ground level, the engine lost partial power. The pilot initiated a forced landing to a nearby parking lot, during which the airplane impacted an unoccupied parked vehicle, resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage and wings. Evidence of fuel was observed at the accident site. The airplane was recovered to a secure facility for further examination. The left-wing fuel tank was absent of fuel; however, a fuel line leak was identified consistent with impact damage. The right-wing tank contained about 1.5 gallons of fuel and water. Visual inspection of the tank revealed clear liquid droplets along the bottom of the tank, consistent with water. The bottom edges of the tank exhibited rust discoloration. Engine valve and drivetrain continuity was established when the crankshaft was rotated by hand. Cylinder No. 2 was impact damaged. The top spark plugs displayed wear; the No. 1 cylinder plug was severely worn. The No. 1 cylinder bottom plug exhibited lead deposits; the No. 2 bottom plug displayed foreign debris within the electrode area, and the No. 4 bottom plug was oil-soaked. The magnetos remained attached to the engine and produced spark at all terminal leads when the engine was rotated.

Aircraft

Registration
N6585L
Reported as
Cessna 152
Category
Airplane
Serial number
15284449
Built
1980
Airframe hours
9,644
Engine
Lycoming O-325 L2C, 108 hp, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · April 21, 2008
Departed
PUL · Puyallup, WA
Destination
S50 · Auburn, WA
Airport
PLU · Pierce County Airport - Thun Field
Equipment
Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
53
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
May 11, 2019
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,194 total · 500 in this make and model · 1,119 as pilot in command · 69 in the last 90 days · 29 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
270° at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
63 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
30.52 inHg
Observed at
KPLU, 1 nm away
METAR
KPLU 152315Z AUTO 27004KT 10SM CLR 17/08 A3052 RMK AO2,M

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 8, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 8.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.