WPR24LA048

NTSB accident investigation · Flight Design Ctls · Hungry Horse, MT · November 18, 2023

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
November 18, 2023, 12:25 local (19:25 UTC)
Place
Hungry Horse, MT · Hunry Horse Reservoir
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N924RDFlight Design Ctls
Defining event
Enroute-cruise: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20231118017829A
Case key
193473

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate fuel planning and improper in-flight decision-making, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementFlight Design CTLS: 6 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotFlight Design CTLS: 3 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomeFlight Design CTLS: 1 caseAll aircraft: 24 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

About four hours into the repositioning flight, and about six miles from his intended destination, the pilot contacted the tower controller and was informed that the airport was under instrument flight rules (IFR) conditions, and that he was not cleared to land. The pilot made the decision to maneuver to the southeast to ascertain whether they should return to their home airport or land at a nearby airport and wait for the weather to clear. Shortly after departing the area enroute to an alternate airport, the airplane lost engine power. The pilot promptly attempted to restart the engine; however, his efforts were unsuccessful. The pilot subsequently executed a forced landing into a lake resulting in substantial damage to the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. He reported that there was no engine roughness or warnings before the engine quit, and it sounded as if the airplane ran out of fuel. He reported that he departed with 26.1 gallons of fuel and, according to the inflight computer, had about 5.72 gallons of remaining fuel when they arrived at the destination airport. In the recommendation section of the NTSB Accident/Incident Reporting Form 6120.1, the pilot listed ways that the accident could have been prevented, to include not relying on fuel management systems.

Aircraft

Registration
N924RD
Reported as
Flight Design Ctls
Category
Airplane
Serial number
F-16-01-51
Built
2016
Airframe hours
520
Engine
Rotax 912ULS, 100 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
None
Last inspection
Annual · March 29, 2023 · 45 hours before
Departed
GTF · Great Fall, MT
Destination
GPI · Kalispell, MT
Equipment
Angle of attack indicator, Airframe parachute, ADS-B, Stall warning system, Onboard weather, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Auto-pilot

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
59
Injuries
None
Certificate
Sport Pilot
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Sport pilot
Last flight review
June 1, 2019
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
541 total · 471 in this make and model · 437 as pilot in command · 10 in the last 90 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
1,200 ft overcast
Temperature
30 °F, dew point 28 °F
Altimeter
29.99 inHg
Observed at
KGPI, 11 nm away
METAR
SPECI KGPI 181828Z 00000KT 4SM BR OVC007 M01/M02 A2999 RMK AO2 T10061017=

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 10, 2024, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 8.4 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.