CEN13LA273

NTSB accident investigation · Phillips Zenith 250 · Taos, NM · May 10, 2013

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 10, 2013, 13:35 local (19:35 UTC)
Place
Taos, NM
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N250ZPPhillips Zenith 250
Defining event
Initial climb: Loss of lift
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report November 3, 2014
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20130510008439A
Case key
86874

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot’s improper decision to take off in gusting wind conditions and the airplane’s loss of climb performance following an encounter with turbulence and downdrafts.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Wind: gustsEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomePhillips Robert L ZENITH 250: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,199 cases
Wind: downdraftEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomePhillips Robert L ZENITH 250: 1 caseAll aircraft: 178 casesProbable cause
Aircraft capability: climb capabilityAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededPhillips Robert L ZENITH 250: 1 caseAll aircraft: 183 casesProbable cause
TurbulenceEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomePhillips Robert L ZENITH 250: 1 caseAll aircraft: 92 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that he waited to depart until after a storm cloud passed the airfield from the northwest. Just before takeoff, the pilot obtained the automated weather observing system information, which reported wind from 120 degrees at 11 knots gusting to 22 knots. According to the pilot, shortly after takeoff from runway 04, the airplane stopped climbing and descended when it encountered "turbulent crosswinds and downdrafts." The pilot turned the airplane, but it still would not climb and continued to encounter downdrafts and turbulence as it approached rising terrain, obstacles, and the storm clouds. The pilot turned the airplane again, but it continued to descend and then impacted a landfill. The pilot reported no preimpact mechanical anomalies with the airplane or engine that would have precluded normal operation. Although the reported wind was within the capabilities of the airplane, given the high gusts and recent storm, the pilot should have waited for the wind to subside before taking off.

Factual narrative

On May 10, 2013, at 1335 mountain daylight time, a Phillips Zenith 250, N250ZP, collided with terrain after departing Taos Regional Airport (SKX), Taos, New Mexico. The airplane was substantially damaged. The pilot was seriously injured. The airplane was registered to and operated by a private individual under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight, which operated without a flight plan. The flight was originating at the time of the accident and was en route to Santa Fe Municipal Airport (SAF), Santa Fe, New Mexico. According to the written statement submitted by the pilot, he elected to take off on runway 04, and the takeoff and climb out were normal until the airplane reached about 300 feet above the ground. At that point "the climb stopped as I experienced turbulent crosswinds and downdrafts." The pilot turned the airplane into the anticipated headwind, but the airplane did not climb as it approached rising terrain and obstacles. The pilot made an additional turn to avoid the obstacles. The airplane continued to descended into a landfill and hit a mulch pile. The pilot reported there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane or engine prior to impact, and that he thought the conditions were within the capabilities of the airplane. The routine aviation weather report (METAR) for SKX, issued at 1335 reported wind 130 degrees at 13 knots, gusting to 20 knots, visibility 10 miles, sky condition few clouds at 5,000 feet, broken clouds at 6,500 feet, over cast skies at 9,000 feet, temperature 14 degrees Celsius (C), dewpoint minus 02 degrees C, and altimeter 30.24 inches. The pilot stated a storm cloud had recently passed the airfield from the northwest and that winds were 120 degrees at 11 knots, gusting to 22 knots when he departed the runway.

Aircraft

Registration
N250ZP
Reported as
Phillips Zenith 250
Category
Airplane, amateur-built
Serial number
125-A
Airframe hours
2,736
Engine
Lycoming O-320-E2D, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Levy Michael T
Registered owner
Levy Michael T
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Experimental (Special)
Last inspection
Annual · April 10, 2013
Departed
SKX · Taos, NM
Destination
SAF · Santa Fe, NM
Airport
SKX · Taos Rgnl, runway 04, 5,803 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
67
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 4, 2012
Seat
Left
Flight hours
1,130 total · 654 in this make and model · 1,040 as pilot in command · 21 in the last 90 days · 15 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
130° at 13 knots, gusting 20
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
9,000 ft
Temperature
57 °F, dew point 36 °F
Altimeter
30.23 inHg
Observed at
KSKX, 2 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 26, 2014, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.9 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.