CEN15CA049

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 210 · Kalamazoo, MI · October 24, 2014

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 24, 2014, 17:50 local (22:50 UTC)
Place
Kalamazoo, MI
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N8219MCessna 210
Defining event
Landing: Landing gear not configured
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Dusk
Status
Completed · report August 31, 2016
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20141024022929A
Case key
90398

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to ensure that the landing gear was fully extended in the down and locked position prior to touchdown, which resulted in the left main landing gear collapse, runway excursion, and impact with a runway exit sign.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Landing gear system: gear extension and retract sysAircraft › Aircraft systems · Not used/operatedCessna 210K: 1 caseAll aircraft: 416 casesProbable cause
Action: forgotten action/omissionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotCessna 210K: 1 caseAll aircraft: 440 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: sign/markerEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomeCessna 210K: 1 caseAll aircraft: 214 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot of a retractable landing gear airplane reported that during dusk conditions, five nautical miles from the destination airport, he extended the landing gear. He further reported, that at touchdown the airplane started to shake. He allowed the airplane to slow down then applied brakes; the left main landing gear folded back into the fuselage, the airplane skidded down the runway, veered off the runway to the left, and impacted a runway exit sign. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage. In a statement provided to the National Transportation Safety Board by the airplane mechanic that assisted in the recovery of the accident airplane, he reported that the accident airplane was lifted off of the surface of the runway, the left main landing gear was put into the down position and the up-lock hook which secures the landing gear in the down and locked position, "went into position with no problem." He further reported that he placed the airplane on jacks, cycled the landing gear through several cycles and the landing gear locked into position during each cycle. In the section of the National Transportation Safety Board Pilot/Operator Accident/Incident Report form titled Mechanical Malfunction/Failure, the pilot reported that during the postaccident repair of the airplane, the selector-main gear actuator (part No. 12810044) gear tooth was revealed to have been broken. According to the manufacture, the landing gear could have been extended with the broken gear actuator tooth, however once the landing gear had been extend, locked, and weight apply, the only way for the landing gear to unseat from the landing gear pocket is through a positive action by the pilot.

Factual narrative

The pilot of a retractable landing gear airplane reported that during dusk conditions, five nautical miles from the destination airport, he extended the landing gear. He further reported, that at touchdown the airplane started to shake. He allowed the airplane to slow down then applied brakes; the left main landing gear folded back into the fuselage, the airplane skidded down the runway, veered off the runway to the left, and impacted a runway exit sign. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage. In a statement provided to the National Transportation Safety Board by the airplane mechanic that assisted in the recovery of the accident airplane, he reported that the accident airplane was lifted off of the surface of the runway, the left main landing gear was put into the down position and the up-lock hook which secures the landing gear in the down and locked position, "went into position with no problem." He further reported that he placed the airplane on jacks, cycled the landing gear through several cycles and the landing gear locked into position during each cycle. In the section of the National Transportation Safety Board Pilot/Operator Accident/Incident Report form titled Mechanical Malfunction/Failure, the pilot reported that during the postaccident repair of the airplane, the selector-main gear actuator (part No. 12810044) gear tooth was revealed to have been broken. According to the manufacture, the landing gear could have been extended with the broken gear actuator tooth, however once the landing gear had been extend, locked, and weight apply, the only way for the landing gear to unseat from the landing gear pocket is through a positive action by the pilot.

Aircraft

Registration
N8219M
Reported as
Cessna 210 (K)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
21059219
Built
1969
Engine
Cont Motor IO-520-L1, 285 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
OEB · Coldwater, MI
Destination
AZO · Kalamazoo, MI
Airport
AZO · Kalamazoo/Battle Creek Intl, runway 35, 6,502 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Electronic multifunction display, Handheld GPS, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Auto-pilot, Stall warning system, Onboard weather

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
65
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 23, 2014
Seat
Left
Restraint
Lap only
Flight hours
815.7 total · 328.2 in this make and model · 705.5 as pilot in command · 4.9 in the last 90 days · 4.9 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Dusk
Wind
270° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
61 °F, dew point 48 °F
Altimeter
29.97 inHg
Observed at
KAZO, 1 nm away

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on August 23, 2016, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.