CEN19LA064

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 152 · Horseshoe Bay, TX · December 29, 2018

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 28, 2018, 20:15 local (Dec 29, 2018, 02:15 UTC)
Place
Horseshoe Bay, TX
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N6202MCessna 152
Defining event
Enroute: Loss of engine power (total)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night
Status
Completed · report April 13, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20181228021909A
Case key
98882

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight and in-flight fuel planning, which resulted in the total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 152: 13 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid levelCessna 152: 26 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: tree(s)Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operationCessna 152: 3 casesAll aircraft: 933 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The commercial pilot was conducting a personal, cross-country flight with one passenger onboard. The pilot reported that, about 2 1/2 to 2 3/4 hours into the flight, the engine started to lose power. The pilot contacted air traffic control for vectors to the nearest airport. The pilot then checked the gauges and applied carburetor heat. The engine initially responded; however, a few minutes later, the engine lost all power, and the pilot's additional attempts to restore power were unsuccessful. The pilot did not think that the airplane could reach the nearest airport, so he established a glide for an off-airport forced landing, during which the airplane impacted trees and terrain and sustained substantial damage. During recovery of the airplane wreckage, the fuel tanks were found intact and empty. Additionally, there was no evidence of fuel leakage on the ground. The pilot reported that the airplane ran out of fuel and that the accident could have been prevented by better calculation and review of distance, fuel, and time in flight.

Factual narrative

On December 28, 2018, about 2015 central standard time, a Cessna 152 airplane, N6202M, impacted terrain after a loss of engine power en route to Kelly Field Airport (KSKF), San Antonio, Texas. The pilot and one passenger received minor injuries, and the airplane was substantially damaged during a forced landing. The airplane was registered to and operated by Flyokair, LLC, under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as personal flight. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airplane departed Shawnee, Oklahoma, about 1655. The pilot reported that he had been airborne about 2 hours, and that he should reach his destination airport in about 15 minutes. About 30-45minutes later, he stated the engine started to lose power. He contacted air traffic control for vectors to the nearest airport. The pilot then looked at the gauges; oil pressure, oil temperature, and fuel gauges, which indicated the following: left fuel gauge ½ and right gauge less than ½. He added that he might have to land on the highway, since he didn't think he could make an airport. In an attempt to restore engine power, the pilot applied carburetor heat, the engine responded, and he was able to climb and gain altitude. Since the engine responded after he applied carburetor heat, he thought the engine may have experienced carburetor icing. A few minutes later, the engine lost power, and additional attempts to restore power were unsuccessful. He established a glide and picked out terrain for the forced landing. The airplane then impacted trees and terrain. The airplane recovery crew noted that the airplane was substantially damaged during the accident. The fuel tanks were empty and no evidence that fuel had leaked onto the ground. They added the fuel tanks had not been breached during the accident. On the NTSB's 6120 form, Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident/Incident Report, under the section: Recommendation (How could this accident/incident have been prevented?). The pilot noted (in part): Better calculation and review of distance, fuel in time, and time in flight. During a follow-up conversation with a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, the pilot did not clarify how he checked the fuel tanks before departure; however, he didn't add fuel before departure. The pilot added that he had talked with the airplane's owner and admitted he ran of fuel.

Aircraft

Registration
N6202M
Reported as
Cessna 152 (No Series)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
15284638
Built
1980
Airframe hours
14,182.4
Engine
Lycoming O-235 SERIES, 110 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · September 1, 2018
Departed
KSNL · Shawnee, OK
Destination
KSKF · San Antonio, TX
Flight plan
VFR

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
32
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
November 21, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
383 total · 259 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night
Wind
30° at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
6,000 ft overcast
Temperature
43 °F, dew point 32 °F
Altimeter
30.21 inHg
Observed at
KDZB

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 7, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 11.6 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N6202M · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.