CEN22LA413

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA32RT · Bulverde, TX · September 9, 2022

Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
September 9, 2022, 07:50 local (12:50 UTC)
Place
Bulverde, TX
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N31981Piper PA32RT
Defining event
Initial climb: Loss of engine power (partial)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO, Lycoming
FAA report
20220909015739A
Case key
105901

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The partial loss of engine power due to excessive carbon deposits that resulted in one or more stuck exhaust valves.

Findings · 1

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported the airplane did not accelerate as usual during the takeoff roll. To avoid obstacles at the end of the runway, the pilot continued the takeoff. The airplane cleared powerlines, trees, and a school, but was nearing a stall so the pilot decided to make a forced landing in a field. During the landing the airplane collided with a tree, resulting in substantial damage to the right wing and fuselage. Examination of the engine found excessive carbon deposits around the No. 4 cylinder exhaust valve. A large amount of carbon buildup was found on the rocker arm, rocker shaft, and valve spring. The rotator cap also had carbon deposits and exhibited a groove wear pattern consistent with a lack of cap rotation. The exhaust valve guide had excessive wobble and movement within the guide. The No. 5 exhaust valve also displayed signatures of carbon buildup but not to the same extent as the No. 4. No other anomalies were detected with the engine or airframe. The loss of engine power was likely due to at least one stuck exhaust valve.

Factual narrative

On September 9, 2022, about 0750 central daylight time, a Piper PA32RT-300T airplane, N31981, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Bulverde, Texas. The pilot and passenger were not injured. The airplane was operated under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. The pilot reported that during the takeoff from Bulverde Airpark (1TT8), Bulverde, Texas, the airplane did not accelerate as planned. The pilot reported that he was not going to be able to stop on the remaining runway, so he continued the takeoff in order to avoid contacting a fence and vehicles at the end of the runway. The airplane cleared powerlines, trees, and a school at the end of the runway, but was nearing a stall, so the pilot performed a forced landing to a field. During the landing the airplane collided with a tree, resulting in substantial damage to the right wing and fuselage. Postaccident examination of the engine found excessive carbon deposits around the No. 4 cylinder exhaust valve. A large amount of carbon build up was found on the rocker arm, rocker shaft, and valve spring. The rotator cap also had carbon deposits and exhibited a groove wear pattern consistent with a lack of cap rotation. The exhaust valve guide had excessive wobble and movement within the guide. The No. 5 exhaust valve also displayed signatures of carbon buildup but not to the same extent as the No. 4. No other anomalies were detected with the engine or airframe.

Aircraft

Registration
N31981
Reported as
Piper PA32RT (300T)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
32R-7887018
Built
1978
Airframe hours
3,655
Engine
Lycoming TIO-540-51AD, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Elusive Aviation Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Commuter
Last inspection
100 hour · March 4, 2022
Departed
1T8 · Bulverde, TX
Destination
KDAL · Dallad, TX
Airport
1T8
Equipment
Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Auto-pilot, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, ADS-B, Stall warning system, Heads up display, Handheld GPS

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
44
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
May 19, 2021
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
657 total · 488 in this make and model · 541 as pilot in command · 14 in the last 90 days · 2 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
190° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
75 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
29.79 inHg
Observed at
KSAT, 13 nm away
METAR
METAR KSAT 091251Z 19005KT 10SM SCT070 SCT250 24/21 A2979 RMK AO2 SLP068 T02390206 $=

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 30, 2024, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 8.6 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.