CEN23LA228

NTSB accident investigation · Grumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164 · Saffell, AR · May 31, 2023

Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal report
Date
May 31, 2023, 17:30 local (22:30 UTC)
Place
Saffell, AR · Near a private airstrip
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N8405KGrumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164
Defining event
Takeoff: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA Little Rock FSDO
FAA report
20230531003429A
Case key
192317

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The airplane’s encounter with a dust devil after takeoff, which resulted in a loss of lift, and a subsequent loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the presence of a dust devil in the airplane’s flight path.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: altitudeAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Attain/maintain not possibleGrumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164B: 7 casesAll aircraft: 1,310 casesProbable cause
Wind: dust devil/whirlwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on equipmentGrumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 38 casesProbable cause
Wind: dust devil/whirlwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Ability to respond/compensateGrumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 38 casesProbable cause
Wind: dust devil/whirlwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomeGrumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 38 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that shortly after takeoff on an aerial application flight to apply fertilizer to rice fields in a remote area the airplane unknowingly flew through a dust devil (also called a whirlwind), and subsequently lost lift. The pilot estimated the dust devil was between 8 to 10 ft in diameter and reported no visible debris. The airplane subsequently impacted a dirt ditch, nosed over, and came to rest inverted. The pilot was able to egress from the airplane without further incident. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the engine mount, the fuselage, both wings, and the empennage. The operator reported there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airframe or the engine that would have precluded normal operation. The pilot reported that he had encountered several dust devils in earlier flights that day for the operating area. The pilot did not perform a hopper load dump during the accident sequence, as he reported flying the airplane was the priority. A review of the Federal Aviation Administration Aviation (FAA) Weather Handbook (FAA-H-8083-28) and the FAA Aeronautical Information Manual found no detailed information listed about dust devils or the potential hazards of flying through dust devils.

Aircraft

Registration
N8405K
Reported as
Grumman Acft ENG Cor-Schweizer G-164 (B)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
688B
Built
1982
Airframe hours
12,146
Engine
Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-34AG, 750 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Aerial application · Part 137
Operator
Mj Aviation Inc, doing business as Mj Aviation Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Restricted (Special)
Last inspection
Annual · January 23, 2023
Equipment
Stall warning system, Electronic flight bag or handheld device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
51
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
November 14, 2021
Seat
Single
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
16,038 total · 15,669 in this make and model · 15,915 as pilot in command · 145 in the last 90 days · 115 in the last 30 days · 12 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
140° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
88 °F, dew point 61 °F
Altimeter
29.93 inHg
Turbulence
Unknown
Observed at
KARG, 3 nm away
METAR
KARG 312156Z AUTO 14006KT 10SM FEW002 SCT110 31/16 A2993 RMK AO2 SLP135 T03060161

Docket · 6

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 7, 2023, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 23.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N8405K · 2

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.