ERA18LA086

NTSB accident investigation · Stearman B75 · Zephryhills, FL · February 23, 2018

Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
February 23, 2018, 14:15 local (19:15 UTC)
Place
Zephryhills, FL
Injuries
1 minor, 1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N62438Stearman B75
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Fuel related
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20180223000189A
Case key
96784

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a subsequent total loss of engine power and impact with a pole during a forced landing.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBoeing B75N1: 1 caseAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementBoeing B75N1: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: poleEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomeBoeing B75N1: 1 caseAll aircraft: 142 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, before departure, the airplane had 17 gallons of fuel for the flight to another airport where he planned to stop to refuel. He added that, after 45 minutes of flight and while the airplane was descending through 1,800 ft above ground level, the engine lost power. While on final approach and about 3 miles from the airport, he realized that the airplane would not reach the runway, so he chose to conduct an emergency landing on a road. Just before touchdown, the right wing impacted a traffic light pole and then the airplane impacted the ground. During postaccident examination of the airplane, no fuel was found in the fuel system. Postaccident examination of the engine (and fuel system) revealed the presence of some debris in the carburetor fuel screen and the fuel sump. Otherwise, no evidence of any preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation. Therefore, it is likely that the pilot’s preflight fuel planning was inadequate because he did not ensure that sufficient fuel was onboard for the flight, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.

Factual narrative

On February 23, 2018, about 1415 eastern standard time, a Boeing B75N1, N62438, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Zephyrhills, Florida. The pilot was not injured, and the passenger sustained minor injuries. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The pilot reported that, before departure, the airplane had 17 gallons of fuel for the flight to Zephyrhills Municipal Airport (ZPH), Zephyrhills, Florida, where he planned to stop to refuel. He added that, after 45 minutes of flight and while the airplane was descending through about 1,800 ft above ground level, the engine lost power. While on final approach and about 3 miles from the airport, he realized that the airplane would not reach the runway, so he chose to conduct an emergency landing on a road. Just before touchdown, the right wing impacted a traffic light pole and then the airplane impacted the ground. Examination of the airplane revealed that the engine and the right upper and lower wings had separated from the airplane. Examination of the engine revealed that the propeller was still attached to the engine and that the propeller blades were fractured. The No. 4 cylinder exhibited impact damage, and the engine crankshaft could not be rotated. No debris was found in the carburetor floats and bowl. A small amount of debris was found in the carburetor fuel screen. The fuel sump was still attached to the engine, and debris was found in the fuel sump screen. No fuel was found in the fuel system.

Aircraft

Registration
N62438
Reported as
Stearman B75 (N1)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
75-6757
Built
1942
Airframe hours
5,547.1
Engine
Continental W670-6N, 220 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 24, 2017 · 25 hours before
Departed
LEE · Leesburg, FL
Destination
ZPH · Zephyrhills, FL
Airport
ZPH · Zephyrhills Muni, runway 23, 5,000 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
60
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Rear
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
17,000 total · 100 in this make and model · 16,000 as pilot in command · 200 in the last 90 days · 80 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
86 °F, dew point 61 °F
Altimeter
30.29 inHg
Observed at
ZPH

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 9, 2021, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 41.9 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N62438 · 2

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.