WPR10CA442

NTSB accident investigation · Schweizer 269C · Caldwell, ID · August 31, 2010

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
August 31, 2010, 16:30 local (22:30 UTC)
Place
Caldwell, ID
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N1534CSchweizer 269C
Defining event
Approach: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 20, 2010
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20100831042559A
Case key
77159

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The failure of both pilots to maintain adequate main rotor RPM, the flight instructor's delayed remedial actions, and inadequate supervision of the flight.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: prop/rotor parametersAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedSchweizer 269C: 5 casesAll aircraft: 182 casesProbable cause
Attention/monitoring: monitoring other personPersonnel issues › Psychological · Instructor/check pilotSchweizer 269C: 5 casesAll aircraft: 200 casesProbable cause
Action: delayed actionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilotSchweizer 269C: 9 casesAll aircraft: 894 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The purpose of the flight was for the helicopter-rated instructor pilot receiving instruction to become more familiar with the accident make and model helicopter. The intention of the flight instructor giving instruction was to demonstrate an autorotation on takeoff at low altitude, with the student following along on the controls. After ascending to an altitude of about 150 feet and an airspeed of about 50 knots, the instructor explained to the student that he was going to lower collective, but would not add cyclic to maintain airspeed. The instructor stated, “I lowered collective and could feel him [the student] on the collective, so I knew he was there. I then put right pedal in, split the needles, and then felt him [the student] pull back on the cyclic and pull up on the collective. I said ‘…no, push down,’ and I forced the cyclic forward.” The flight instructor said that the rotor RPM had by then decayed outside of normal parameters and that the student kept pulling up on the collective. “I tried to roll on power and force the cyclic forward, but we were descending too fast.” The student stated that during the demonstration he looked down at the rotor RPM and noticed that it was about 320 RPM, and that it stayed that low as the helicopter approached the ground. The student stated that he repeatedly told him [the flight instructor giving instruction] “low RPM" at least 5 times. The student added that after the hard landing the instructor told him that he [the student] had grabbed the controls because the helicopter didn’t pitch forward like he had intended it to do. The student stated, “I told him I hadn’t touched any of the controls and the reason he had no control was probably because the rotor RPM was so low.” An examination of the airframe by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector did not reveal any pre-impact anomalies. Additionally, neither pilot reported a malfunction of the airframe or engine.

Factual narrative

The purpose of the flight was for the helicopter-rated instructor pilot receiving instruction to become more familiar with the accident make and model helicopter. The intention of the flight instructor giving instruction was to demonstrate an autorotation on takeoff at low altitude, with the student following along on the controls. After ascending to an altitude of about 150 feet and an airspeed of about 50 knots, the instructor explained to the student that he was going to lower collective, but would not add cyclic to maintain airspeed. The instructor stated, “I lowered collective and could feel him [the student] on the collective, so I knew he was there. I then put right pedal in, split the needles, and then felt him [the student] pull back on the cyclic and pull up on the collective. I said ‘…no, push down,’ and I forced the cyclic forward.” The flight instructor said that the rotor RPM had by then decayed outside of normal parameters and that the student kept pulling up on the collective. “I tried to roll on power and force the cyclic forward, but we were descending too fast.” The student stated that during the demonstration he looked down at the rotor RPM and noticed that it was about 320 RPM, and that it stayed that low as the helicopter approached the ground. The student stated that he repeatedly told him [the flight instructor giving instruction] “low RPM" at least 5 times. The student added that after the hard landing the instructor told him that he [the student] had grabbed the controls because the helicopter didn’t pitch forward like he had intended it to do. The student stated, “I told him I hadn’t touched any of the controls and the reason he had no control was probably because the rotor RPM was so low.” An examination of the airframe by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector did not reveal any pre-impact anomalies. Additionally, neither pilot reported a malfunction of the airframe or engine.

Aircraft

Registration
N1534C
Reported as
Schweizer 269C (UNDESIGNAT)
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
S1877
Airframe hours
2,348
Engine
Lycoming HIO-360 D1A, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Elkhorn Aviation Inc. dba Baker Aircraft
Registered owner
Elkhorn Aviation Inc. dba Baker Aircraft
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 11, 2010 · 55 hours before
Departed
EUL · Caldwell, ID
Destination
EUL · Caldwell, ID
Flight plan
Unknown
Airport
EUL · Caldwell Industrial, runway 12, 5,500 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
43
Injuries
None
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Helicopter
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 7, 2010
Seat
Right
Flight hours
427 total · 380 in this make and model
Role
Student pilot
Age
25
Injuries
None
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 2
Seat
Right
Flight hours
270 total · 7 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
100° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
70 °F, dew point 39 °F
Altimeter
30.09 inHg
Observed at
EUL

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 16, 2010, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 998 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.