CEN09CA158

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 170 · Cottonwood Falls, KS · February 7, 2009

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
February 7, 2009, 15:30 local (21:30 UTC)
Place
Cottonwood Falls, KS
Injuries
1 minor, 1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N2333DCessna 170
Defining event
Takeoff: Runway excursion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 11, 2009
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Cessna, FAA Wichita FSDO
FAA report
20090207000919A
Case key
73332

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The decision of the pilot to attempt operations outside the forward center of gravity limit. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's selection of an inadequate runway for the conditions.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Aircraft capability: cG/weight distributionAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededCessna 170B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 66 casesProbable cause
Airport facilities/designEnvironmental issues › Operating environment · Decision related to conditionCessna 170B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 52 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot attempted a takeoff from a 2,300-foot-long dry turf runway with a five-knot crosswind from the right side. A witness stated that the airplane never seemed to gain momentum, its tail did not raise during the take off, and its brakes locked at the last minute before hitting the fence at the end of the runway. The airplane then flipped over on its back causing damage to the right wing, vertical fin, and rudder. The pilot suffered minor injuries and the second pilot was not injured. A postaccident weight and balance calculation showed that the 575-pound combined weight of the two front seat occupants placed the airplane outside the allowable forward center of gravity limit. A postaccident performance planning calculation showed that on a grass/turf runway the takeoff distance would be approximately 2,299 feet with zero flaps, no wind, and with weight and balance within limits.

Factual narrative

The pilot attempted a take off from a 2,300 foot long dry turf runway with a five knot crosswind from the right side. A witness stated the airplane never seemed to gain momentum, did not raise the tail during the take off, and "locked the brakes" at the last minute before hitting the fence at the end of the runway. The airplane then flipped over on its back causing substantial damage to the right wing, vertical fin, and rudder. The pilot suffered minor injuries and the second pilot was not injured. A post accident weight and balance calculation showed that the 575 pounds combined weight of the two front seat occupants placed the airplane outside the allowable forward center of gravity limit. A post accident performance planning calculation showed that with operations on grass/turf runway the takeoff distance would be approximately 2,299 feet with zero flaps, no wind, and with weight and balance within limits.

Aircraft

Registration
N2333D
Reported as
Cessna 170 (B)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
20485
Airframe hours
2,800
Engine
Continental C145, 145 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · September 30, 2008
Departed
9K0 · Cottonwood Falls, KS
Destination
EQA · El Dorado, KS
Airport
9K0 · Chase County Airport, runway 17, 2,300 × 155 ft, grass/turf

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
26
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
May 17, 2008
Seat
Right
Flight hours
493 total · 3 in this make and model · 384 as pilot in command · 3 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 24 hours
Role
Other flight crew
Age
26
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
January 6, 2009
Seat
Left
Flight hours
690 total · 1 in this make and model · 553 as pilot in command · 15 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
250° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
66 °F, dew point 32 °F
Altimeter
30.04 inHg
Observed at
KEMP, 17 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N2333D · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.