GAA16CA449

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 182 · Fallbrook, CA · August 24, 2016

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
August 24, 2016, 14:25 local (21:25 UTC)
Place
Fallbrook, CA
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N4810NCessna 182
Defining event
Landing: Landing area overshoot
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 18, 2017
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20160824021719A
Case key
93892

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The flight instructor's failure to go-around and the subsequent long landing and his failure to maintain directional control, which resulted in a runway excursion.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilotCessna 182Q: 34 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Action: lack of actionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilotCessna 182Q: 5 casesAll aircraft: 792 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 182Q: 8 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: surface speed/brakingAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededCessna 182Q: 4 casesAll aircraft: 238 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The flight instructor reported that during a Civil Air Patrol evaluation flight, he decided to demonstrate a power off landing to the pilot being evaluated. The flight instructor further reported that the airplane touched down within the first 400 feet of the 2,160-foot runway and reported that the brakes were ineffective during the landing roll. The pilot witness who observed the landing from the left seat reported that he observed heavy braking, some swerving, a loss of control, and the airplane exited the left side of the runway near the departure end of the runway. During the runway excursion, the airplane nosed over and sustained substantial damage to the fuselage, empennage, and the right wing lift strut. In a Civil Air Patrol online system, the pilot witness reported that over the runway threshold the airspeed was 84 knots, the altitude was 20 feet, and the airplane touchdown zone was 1/2 to 2/3 down the runway, with 1000 feet of runway remaining. The local flight school provided video surveillance of the landing. The video showed the airplane still airborne while in the camera frame, which was about 700 feet past the runway threshold. The airplane subsequently moved out of camera view and was still airborne. The video did not show the airplane touch down on the runway. In a post-accident examination four days after the accident by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), both brakes were found to be functional. In a post-accident inspection almost two weeks after the accident by the repair mechanic, it was revealed that the left brake was working, but the right brake was "full of air." The mechanic reported that when the airplane was upside down air can enter into the hydraulic system, so "all bets are off". The mechanic further reported that there were no flat or bald spots on the tires.

Factual narrative

The flight instructor reported that during a Civil Air Patrol evaluation flight, he decided to demonstrate a power off landing to the pilot being evaluated. The flight instructor further reported that the airplane touched down within the first 400 feet of the 2,160-foot runway and reported that the brakes were ineffective during the landing roll. The pilot witness who observed the landing from the left seat reported that he observed heavy braking, some swerving, a loss of control, and the airplane exited the left side of the runway near the departure end of the runway. During the runway excursion, the airplane nosed over and sustained substantial damage to the fuselage, empennage, and the right wing lift strut. In a Civil Air Patrol online system, the pilot witness reported that over the runway threshold the airspeed was 84 knots, the altitude was 20 feet, and the airplane touchdown zone was 1/2 to 2/3 down the runway, with 1000 feet of runway remaining. The local flight school provided video surveillance of the landing. The video showed the airplane still airborne while in the camera frame, which was about 700 feet past the runway threshold. The airplane subsequently moved out of camera view and was still airborne. The video did not show the airplane touch down on the runway. In a post-accident examination four days after the accident by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), both brakes were found to be functional. In a post-accident inspection almost two weeks after the accident by the repair mechanic, it was revealed that the left brake was working, but the right brake was "full of air." The mechanic reported that when the airplane was upside down air can enter into the hydraulic system, so "all bets are off". The mechanic further reported that there were no flat or bald spots on the tires.

Aircraft

Registration
N4810N
Reported as
Cessna 182 (Q)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18267384
Built
1980
Airframe hours
4,069.8
Engine
Cont Motor O-470-U-17, 240 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Civil Air Patrol Inc.
Registered owner
Civil Air Patrol Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 26, 2016
Departed
L18 · Fallbrook, CA
Destination
L18 · Fallbrook, CA
Airport
L18 · Fallbrook Community Airpark, runway 18, 2,160 × 60 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Auto-pilot, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Flight instructor
Age
79
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
January 19, 2016
Seat
Right
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
7,400 total · 1,200 in this make and model · 6,900 as pilot in command · 55 in the last 90 days · 13 in the last 30 days
Role
Pilot
Age
77
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 16, 2015
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
240° at 8 knots
Visibility
7 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
73 °F, dew point 63 °F
Altimeter
29.98 inHg
Observed at
KNFG, 6 nm away

Docket · 9

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 7, 2016, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.