WPR20LA215

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 150 · Port Orchard, WA · July 8, 2020

Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
July 8, 2020, 15:54 local (22:54 UTC)
Place
Port Orchard, WA
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N22393Cessna 150
Defining event
Initial climb: Aerodynamic stall/spin
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20200708012079A
Case key
101569

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's delayed decision to go around from an unstable approach, which resulted in insufficient airplane performance to climb above rising terrain and a subsequent aerodynamic stall.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 150H: 19 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Terrain: sloped/uneven terrainEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on equipmentCessna 150H: 1 caseAll aircraft: 270 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: angle of attackAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 150H: 4 casesAll aircraft: 990 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The airplane pilot was observed conducting a visual approach to land to the north. The final approach was described as unstable, high, and fast. The airplane continued to descend and when it was about ¼ of the way down the runway it disappeared from view behind a berm. A few seconds later, the airplane came back into view and was about 30 ft above ground level. The engine sounded as if it was at full power and the flaps were still extended. The airplane appeared to be flying slowly and struggling to climb, as if it was "hanging onto a stall." The airplane began a right bank toward rising terrain and trees. The airplane's bank angle increased, and the airplane impacted the trees in a "knife edge" attitude and dropped to the ground. A postaccident airframe and engine examination revealed no anomalies with the airframe or engine that would have precluded normal operations. A witness who is also a retired airline pilot reported that the airport has very tight margins and is a one-way airport. The north end of the runway is 50 feet higher than the south end; therefore, landings are limited to the north (uphill), and takeoffs to the south. Go-arounds are very difficult in all but high-performance aircraft. The airplane's mechanic reported that the pilot had flown this airplane into the airport about four times a year for the past 15 years and was familiar with the airport. It is likely that the pilot made a delayed decision to go-around following an unstable approach and the airplane subsequently lacked the performance necessary to climb and clear rising terrain. The airplane then aerodynamically stalled and spun as the pilot maneuvered the airplane.

Factual narrative

On July 8, 2020, at 1554 Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 150H airplane, N22393, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near the Vaughan Ranch Airfield (WN13), Port Orchard, Washington. The pilot was seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 personal flight. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data showed the airplane departed Bremerton National Airport (PWT), Washington, and flew east before entering the traffic pattern at WN13. Three witnesses observed portions of the airplane’s flight near the airport. The airplane’s final approach was described as unstable, high, and fast. The airplane continued to descend and when it was about ¼ of the way down the runway it disappeared from view behind a berm. None of the witnesses were able to observe if the pilot attempted a go-around or conducted a touch-and-go landing. A few seconds later, the airplane came back into view and was about 30 ft above ground level. The engine sounded as if it was at "full power" and the flaps were still extended. The airplane appeared to be flying slowly and struggling to climb, as if it was "hanging onto a stall." The airplane began a right bank toward rising terrain and trees. The airplane's bank angle increased when the airplane impacted the trees in a "knife edge" attitude and dropped to the ground. One of the witnesses, a retired airline pilot, further reported that the airport has “very tight margins” and is a one-way airport. The north end of the runway is 50 ft higher than the south end; therefore, landings are limited to the north (uphill), and takeoffs to the south. He further stated that go-arounds are very difficult in all but high-performance aircraft. In "additional remarks" section of the airport facilities directory for WN13 states: "Land North takeoff south" and "Landing north uphill" The pilot does not recall the accident flight. The airplane's mechanic reported that the pilot had flown this airplane into WN13 about four times a year for the past 15 years and was familiar with the airport. The airplane came to rest nose down and slightly left-wing low in a residential backyard. The cabin remained mostly intact and was extending upward from the engine compartment. Both wings remained attached to the airframe and exhibited crush damage. The leading edge of the left wing came to rest in the dirt and exhibited aft crush damage throughout its span. The fuselage just aft of the cabin was crushed toward the left; the aft fuselage and empennage were bent about 90° to the left. The empennage exhibited some damage but was overall intact. A postaccident airframe and engine examination by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operations.

Aircraft

Registration
N22393
Reported as
Cessna 150 (H)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
15068251
Built
1968
Airframe hours
7,141
Engine
Continental O-200 SERIES, 100 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · May 9, 2019 · 12 hours before
Departed
PWT · Bremerton, WA
Destination
WN13 · Port Orchard, WA
Airport
WN13 · Vaughan Ranch Airfield, runway 02, 1,850 × 50 ft, grass/turf
Equipment
Unknown

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
67
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Student
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
400 total

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
210° at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
4,800 ft overcast
Temperature
68 °F, dew point 54 °F
Altimeter
30.07 inHg
Observed at
PWT, 8 nm away

Docket · 8

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 15, 2022, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 13.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.