AD 94-20-04 R1

Historical

Airworthiness directive · V-tail · Remove V tail and install a Beech Model F33A straight tail (D'Shannon Products STC SA2149CE)

Effective
December 10, 2002
Published
October 22, 2002 · 67 FR 64794–64798
Issued
October 15, 2002
Supersedes
AD94-20-04
Superseded by
AD94-20-04 R2
Models
C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35 and 9 more
Registered aircraft
4,468 matched by model
Product
Aircraft · Small airplane
Amendment
39-12919
Docket
93-CE-37-AD
Issued as
Final rule

Unofficial copy from the Federal Register XML, document 02-26667. Only the govinfo PDF is the legal edition. DRS record last changed August 7, 2025.

On this page

Summary

This amendment revises Airworthiness Directive (AD) 94-20-04, which currently requires ruddervator inspections, modifications, and operating limitations on certain Raytheon Aircraft Company (Raytheon) Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, B35, C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35, J35, K35, M35, N35, P35, S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes. This AD is the result of information received from the field on the ability to accomplish and understand the existing AD. This AD will condense and clarify information presented in AD 94-20-04 and will remove Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes from the applicability of AD 94-20-04. We are incorporating the actions that apply to Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes into another AD action. The actions specified by this AD are intended to prevent structural failure of the V-tail, which could result in loss of control of the airplane.

The airworthiness directive

94-20-04 R1 Raytheon Aircraft Company (Beech Aircraft Corporation formerly held Type Certificate (TC) No. A-777 and TC No. 3A15): Amendment 39-12919; Docket No. 93-CE-37-AD; Revises AD 94-20-04, Amendment 39-9032.

(a) What airplanes are affected by this AD? This AD affects the following airplanes that are certificated in any category:

(1) Beech Models C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35, J35, K35, M35, N35, and P35 airplanes, all serial numbers; and

(2) Beech Models S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes, all serial numbers, that do not have the straight tail conversion modification incorporated in accordance with Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) SA2149CE.

Note 1:

Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, B35 airplanes were included in the Applicability of AD 94-20-04. We have removed Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes from the Applicability section of this AD and incorporated the actions applicable to these airplanes into another AD action. Part of this other AD action is the incorporation of Raytheon Service Raytheon Service Bulletin 27-3358.

(b) Who must comply with this AD? Anyone who wishes to operate any of the airplanes identified in paragraphs (a), (a)(1), and (a)(2) of this AD must comply with this AD.

(c) What problem does this AD address? The actions specified by this AD are intended to prevent structural failure of the V-tail, which could result in loss of control of the airplane.

(d) What actions must I accomplish to address this problem? To address this problem, you must accomplish the following:

ActionsComplianceProcedures
(1) Verify that the ruddervator balance is within the manufacturer's specified limits as defined in the applicable shop or maintenance manual and balance the ruddervator control surfaces, as necessaryWithin the next 100 hours TIS after November 28, 1994 (the effective date of AD 94-20-04) and thereafter prior to further flight after the ruddervators are repaired or repainted (even if stripes are added or paint is touched up)Verify in accordance with the applicable shop or maintenance manual. Balance the ruddervator control surfaces in accordance with Section 3 of Beech Shop Manual 35-590096B19, or subsequent revisions.
(2) Visually inspect the empennage, aft fuselage, and ruddervator control system for damage (i) Repair or replace any damaged parts; and (ii) Set the elevator controls, rudder and tab system controls, cable tensions, and riggingInspect and set the controls, tension, and rigging within the next 100 hours TIS after November 28, 1994 (the effective date of AD 94-20-04) and thereafter at intervals not to exceed 100 hours TIS. Accomplish any repairs and replacements prior to further flight after the applicable inspectionIn accordance with the procedures and as specified in the instructions to Beech Kit 35-4017-1 “Kit Information Empennage and Aft Fuselage Inspection”, as specified in Beech Service Bulletin No. 2188, dated May, 1987.
(3) Remove all external stabilizer reinforcements installed during incorporation of either Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) SA845GL, STC SA846GL, STC SA1650CE, STC SA2286NM, or STC SA2287NM, as applicable (i) Seal or fill any residual holes with appropriate size rivets (ii) The internal stub spar incorporated through STC SA1649CE and STC SA1650CE may be retained (iii) The external angles incorporated through STC SA1649CE may also be retained by properly trimming the leading edges section to permit installation of the stabilizer reinforcement referenced in paragraph (d)(4)(i) of this AD (iv) For the Beech Models S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes, you may retain and use the tail-safe external angles that were installed in accordance with STC SA1649CE instead of the stabilizer reinforcement specified in paragraph (d)(4)(i) of this AD.Within the next 100 hours TIS after November 28, 1994 (the effective date of AD 94-20-04), unless already accomplishedIn accordance with the applicable maintenance information.
(4) Accomplish the following: (i) Install stabilizer reinforcements; (ii) Set the elevator nose-down trim; and (iii) Replace the ruddervator tab control cables with larger diameter cablesWithin the next 100 hours TIS after November 28, 1994 (the effective date of AD 94-20-04), unless already accomplishedIn accordance with the instructions to RAC Kit No. 35-4016-3, 35-4016-5, 35-4016-7, or 35-4016-9, as applicable and as specified in Beech SB No. 2188, dated May, 1987.
(5) Verify the accuracy of the airplane basic weight and balance information and correct any discrepanciesAccomplish the airplane basic weight and balance accuracy verification within the next 100 hours TIS after November 28, 1994 (the effective date of AD 94-20-04), unless already accomplished. Correct any discrepancies prior to further flight after the verificationUse the procedures contained in the Appendix to this AD.

(e) Can I comply with this AD in any other way? (1) You may use an alternative method of compliance or adjust the compliance time if:

(i) Your alternative method of compliance provides an equivalent level of safety; and

(ii) The Manager, Wichita Aircraft Certification Office (ACO), approves your alternative. Submit your request through an FAA Principal Maintenance Inspector, who may add comments and then send it to the Manager, Wichita ACO.

(2) Alternative methods of compliance approved in accordance with AD 94-20-04, which is revised by this AD, are approved as alternative methods of compliance with this AD.

Note 2:

This AD applies to each airplane identified in paragraphs (a), (a)(1), and (a)(2) of this AD, regardless of whether it has been modified, altered, or repaired in the area subject to the requirements of this AD. For airplanes that have been modified, altered, or repaired so that the performance of the requirements of this AD is affected, the owner/operator must request approval for an alternative method of compliance in accordance with paragraph (e) of this AD. The request should include an assessment of the effect of the modification, alteration, or repair on the unsafe condition addressed by this AD; and, if you have not eliminated the unsafe condition, specific actions you propose to address it.

(f) Where can I get information about any already-approved alternative methods of compliance? Contact Mr. T.N. Baktha, Aerospace Engineer, FAA, Wichita Aircraft Certification Office, 1801 Airport Road, Mid-Continent Airport, Wichita, Kansas 67209; telephone: (316) 946-4155; facsimile: (316) 946-4407.

(g) What if I need to fly the airplane to another location to comply with this AD? The FAA can issue a special flight permit under §§ 21.197 and 21.199 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 21.197 and 21.199) to operate your airplane to a location where you can accomplish the requirements of this AD.

(h) Are any service bulletins incorporated into this AD by reference? Actions required by this AD must be done in accordance with Beech Kit No. 35-4016-3, 35-4016-5, 35-4016-7, or 35-4016-9, and the instructions to Beech Kit 35-4017-1 “Kit Information Empennage & Aft Fuselage Inspection”, as applicable and specified in Beech Service Bulletin No. 2188, dated May 1987. The Director of the Federal Register previously approved this incorporation by reference under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51 as of November 28, 1994 (59 FR 49785, September 30, 1994). You may get copies from the Raytheon Aircraft Company, PO Box 85, Wichita, Kansas 67201-0085. You may view copies at FAA, Central Region, Office of the Regional Counsel, 901 Locust, Room 506, Kansas City, Missouri, or at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC.

(i) Does this AD action affect any existing AD actions? This amendment revises AD 94-20-04, Amendment 39-9032.

(j) When does this amendment become effective? This amendment becomes effective on December 10, 2002.

Appendix to AD 94-20-04 R1 Weight and Balance Accuracy Method No. 1 1. Review existing weight and balance documentation to assure completeness and accuracy of the documentation from the most recent FAA-approved weighing or from factory delivery to date of compliance with this AD. 2. Compare the actual configuration of the airplane to the configuration described in the weight and balance documentation. 3. If equipment additions or deletions are not reflected in the documentation or if modifications affecting the location of the center of gravity (e.g., paint or structural repairs) are not documented, determine the accuracy of the airplane weight and balance data in accordance with Method No. 2. Weight and Balance Information Accuracy Method No. 2 1. Determine the basic empty weight and center of gravity (CG) of the empty airplane using the Weighing Instructions in the Weight and Balance section of the airplane flight manual/pilot's operating handbook (AFM/POH). 2. Record the results in the airplane records, and use these new values as the basis for computing the weight and CG information as specified in the Weight and Balances section of the AFM/POH.

Rule preamble

The FAA’s background, reasoning and cost estimate, published with the AD.

DatesPage 2

This AD becomes effective on December 10, 2002.

The Director of the Federal Register previously approved the incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in the regulations as of November 28, 1994 (59 FR 49785, September 30, 1994).

AddressesPage 2

You may get the service information referenced in this AD from the Raytheon Aircraft Company, P.O. Box 85, Wichita, Kansas 67201-0085; telephone: (800) 625-7043 or (316) 676-4556. You may view this information at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Central Region, Office of the Regional Counsel, Attention: Rules Docket No. 93-CE-37-AD, 901 Locust, Room 506, Kansas City, Missouri 64106; or at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW, suite 700, Washington, DC.

For further information contactPage 2

Mr. T.N. Baktha, Aerospace Engineer, FAA, Wichita Aircraft Certification Office, 1801 Airport Road, Mid-Continent Airport, Wichita, Kansas 67209; telephone: (316) 946-4155; facsimile: (316) 946-4407.

DiscussionPage 2

Has FAA Taken Any Action on the Raytheon Airplane Ruddervator System to This Point?

The following paragraphs describe ADs that FAA issued to address the V-tail structure on Raytheon Beech 35 series airplanes.

AD 94-20-04, Amendment 39-9032 (59 FR 49785, September 30, 1994), currently requires the following on certain Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, B35, C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35, J35, K35, M35, N35, P35, S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes:

—Checking the ruddervator static balance and rebalancing the ruddervators when the balance is not in accordance with manufacturer's specifications or anytime the ruddervators are repaired or repainted;

—Repetitively inspecting the fuselage bulkheads for damage and replacing any damaged parts;

—Installing stabilizer reinforcements for some airplane models, as applicable;

—Fabricating and installing airspeed limitation placards;

—Incorporating certain airspeed limitations into the airplane flight manual/pilot's operating handbook (AFM/POH);

—inspecting the empennage, aft fuselage, and ruddervator control system for damage and replacing or repairing any damaged parts; and

—Ensuring the accuracy of the airplane basic weight and balance information and immediately correcting any discrepancies.

Accomplishment of these actions is required in accordance with the instructions to either Beech Kit No. 35-4016-3, 35-4016-5, 35-4016-7, or 35-4016-9, as applicable and as specified in Beech Service Bulletin (SB) No. 2188, dated May, 1987, and the applicable maintenance and shop manuals.

AD 98-13-02, Amendment 39-10590 (63 FR 31916, June 11, 1998), currently requires operating limitations in order to address ruddervator problems on Beech Models 35, A35, B35, and 35R airplanes.

What Has Happened Since AD 94-20-04 and AD 98-13-02 To Initiate This Action?

AD 94-20-04 contains minor errors and FAA receives periodic calls from the public for clarification.

In addition, Raytheon has issued Recommended Service Bulletin No. SB 27-3358, Issued: February, 2000, which includes procedures for inspecting the aft fuselage, ruddervator, and related systems for acceptable condition and rebalancing the ruddervators to new specifications (upper limit reduced from 19.8 to 18 inch-pounds (tail heavy)). Accomplishing these inspections will eliminate the need for the operating limitations of AD 98-13-02.

Has FAA Taken Any Action to This Point?

We issued a proposal to amend part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) to include an AD that would apply to certain Raytheon Beech Models C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35, J35, K35, M35, N35, P35, S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes. This proposal was published in the Federal Register as a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) on March 26, 2001 (66 FR 16422). The NPRM proposed to revise AD 94-20-04, Amendment 39-9032, to condense and clarify the information presented in that AD, and to remove Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes from the Applicability of AD 94-20-04. The NPRM also proposed to incorporate the actions applicable to Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes into another AD action.

The operating limitations from AD 94-20-04 for the Beech Models C35, D35, E35, F35, G35, H35, J35, K35, M35, N35, P35, S35, V35, V35A, and V35B airplanes are not included in this AD because the other actions retained from AD 94-20-04 make them unnecessary.

The repetitive inspections currently required by AD 94-20-04 for Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes will be incorporated into another AD action.

Was the Public Invited To Comment?

The FAA encouraged interested persons to participate in the making of this amendment. The following presents the comments received on the proposal and FAA's response to each comment:

Comment Issue No. 1: Correct Typographical Error in NPRMPage 2

What Is the Commenter's Concern?

One commenter points out that the phrase “airplane basic weight” is referred to as “airplane basis weight” in the Federal Register.

What Is FAA's Response to the Concern?

The FAA concurs. The original documents that FAA submitted to the Office of the Federal Register were correct. The Government Printing Office (GPO) made a typographical error. We will ensure that this is corrected in the final rule.

Comment Issue No. 2: Clarify When To Set Elevator Controls, Rudder and Tab System Controls, Cable Tensions, and RiggingPage 2

What Is the Commenter's Concern?

One commenter states that it is unclear when to set the elevator controls, rudder and tab system controls, cable tensions, and rigging. The commenter specifically asks whether this is necessary at every required 100-hour TIS inspection or only when repair or replacement is necessary.

What Is FAA's Response to the Concern?

The FAA concurs that the way it is currently written could be confusing. You should accomplish these actions at every 100-hour TIS inspection. We will rewrite this section of the AD to clarify this.

Comment Issue No. 3: Should This AD or Similar Action Affect Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 AirplanesPage 3

What Is the Commenter's Concern?

The commenter asks whether the actions of Raytheon Service Bulletin 27-3358 should be incorporated on Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes.

What Is FAA's Response to the Concern?

The actions of Raytheon Service Bulletin 27-3358 should be incorporated on Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes. This is required in another AD action. The following is taken from Note 1 of the NPRM:

Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, B35 airplanes were included in the Applicability of AD 94-20-04. We have removed Beech Models 35, 35R, A35, and B35 airplanes from the Applicability section of this AD and incorporated the actions applicable to these airplanes into another AD action.

We will add a statement about Raytheon Service Bulletin 27-3358 to this note in the final rule AD action.

FAA's DeterminationPage 3

What Is FAA's Final Determination on This Issue?

After careful review of all available information related to the subject presented above, we have determined that air safety and the public interest require the adoption of the rule as proposed except for the changes discussed above and minor editorial corrections. We determined that these changes and minor corrections:

—Will not change the meaning of the AD; and

—Will not add any additional burden upon the public than was already proposed.

Cost impactPage 3

How Many Airplanes Does This AD Impact?

We estimate that this AD affects 10,200 airplanes in the U.S. registry.

What is the Cost Impact of This AD on Owners/Operators of the Affected Airplanes?

We estimate the following costs to accomplish the initial inspections. These cost figures are exactly the same as what is currently required by AD 94-20-04. This AD presents no new costs upon the public:

Labor costParts costTotal cost per airplaneTotal cost on U.S. operators
40 workhours × $60 per hour = $2,400Not Applicable$2,400$24,480,000.

The above figures are based only on the initial inspections and do not take into account the cost of repetitive inspections or adjustments, repairs, or replacements that will be necessary based on the results of the inspections. We have no way of determining the number of repetitive inspections each owner/operator of the affected airplanes will incur or what adjustments, repairs, or replacements will be necessary based on the results of the inspections.

Regulatory impactPage 3

Does This AD Impact Various Entities?

The regulations adopted herein will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, it is determined that this final rule does not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132.

Does This AD Involve a Significant Rule or Regulatory Action?

For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this action (1) is not a “significant regulatory action” under Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a “significant rule” under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and (3) will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. A copy of the final evaluation prepared for this action is contained in the Rules Docket. A copy of it may be obtained by contacting the Rules Docket at the location provided under the caption ADDRESSES.

Adoption of the amendmentPage 3

Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the Federal Aviation Administration amends part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) as follows:

1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

2. FAA amends § 39.13 by removing Airworthiness Directive (AD) 94-20-04, Amendment 39-9032 (59 FR 49785, September 30, 1994), and by adding a new AD to read as follows:

Affected TCDS · 2

The type certificate data sheets for the models this AD names, matched by model and maker.

Registered aircraft · 4,468

Registered aircraft whose airframe or engine model this AD names. Matched by model only, so check each against the AD’s applicability.

By aircraft maker
  • Beech4,468 aircraft
By year built
19512016
Registered aircraft by year built: 3,893 aircraft
195182
1952109
1953113
1954116
1955173
1956175
1957218
1958181
1959233
1960166
1961159
1962121
1963116
1964278
1965189
1966210
1967185
1968141
1969115
197083
197135
197271
197394
197479
197574
197688
197784
197872
197980
198025
198115
198210
19831
19861
20161

575 with no year recorded

By model

Aircraft

See all 4,468 aircraft

NTSB investigations that cite this AD · 12

Their narratives or probable cause name AD 94-20-04, often to say whether the aircraft complied with it.

NTSB ERA24FA217Accident · 3 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportBeech V35 · Franklin, TNThe pilot’s flight into convective weather, which resulted in a loss of control due to spatial disorientation and a subsequent inflight breakup of the airplane. Contributing to the accident was the lack of accurate weather intensity depiction on the…May 15, 2024 · N47WT · DestroyedNTSB CEN18LA099Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 35 · Batesville, ARAn in-flight control system flutter encounter during a turbulence encounter; the reason for the flutter could not be determined.Feb 8, 2018 · N4654D · Substantial damageNTSB ERA11FA431Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech G35 · Byron, GAThe pilot’s sustained flight at airspeeds in excess of the airplane's never exceed speed during a steep descent, which resulted in a subsequent in-flight structural failure due to overstress.Jul 31, 2011 · N156RP · Substantial damageNTSB SEA02LA116Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech G35 · Yakima, WAEmpennage flutter which resulted in structural damage during descent for landing. Turbulence was a factor.Jun 21, 2002 · N4647D · Substantial damageNTSB LAX02FA134Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech G35 · Willows, CAthe pilot's entry into an abrupt maneuver at an excessive airspeed beyond Va, which resulted in exceeding the aircraft's design stress limits.Apr 11, 2002 · N4487D · DestroyedNTSB FTW02LA129Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech F35 · Amarillo, TXFlutter due to the improper balance of the ruddervator, which resulted in structural damage to the aft fuselage.Mar 25, 2002 · N4257B · Substantial damageNTSB MIA00FA146Accident · No injuriesField investigationFinal reportBeech F35 · Jackson, MSimproper rigging of the rudder/elevators and differential mechanism assembly by unknown person(s), which resulting in what the pilot describes as inflight flutter of the tail section, which resulted in damage to the aft empennage area.May 7, 2000 · N35WK · Substantial damageNTSB MIA99LA185Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech E-35 · Yankeetown, FLThe failure of maintenance personnel to balance check the ruddervators after painting the airplane and unclear information contained in the compliance section of AD 94-20-04 resulting in the failure of maintenance personnel to balance check the out-of-balance…Jun 5, 1999 · N3508B · Substantial damageNTSB CHI98LA125Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech B35 · Bentonville, ARthe damage to the empennage was due to flutter.Apr 13, 1998 · N5246C · Substantial damageNTSB ATL97LA027Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 35 · Lafayette, GAfailure of maintenance personnel to balance the ruddervator assemblies after they had been reskinned and painted, which resulted in flutter and subsequent damage to the empennage.Nov 27, 1996 · N4523V · Substantial damageNTSB ATL96LA132Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 35 · Griffin, GAfailure of maintenance personnel to properly balance the ruddervator assemblies after they had been reskinned and painted, which resulted in flutter and subsequent damage to the empennage.Feb 22, 1996 · N3134V · Substantial damageNTSB LAX96FA086Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech V35B · Delano, CAFailure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft during an IFR circling approach. A factor relating to the accident was: the pilot's lack of instrument flight experience in high performance aircraft.Dec 30, 1995 · N7337R · Destroyed