NTSB investigations
20,559 cases where the phase of flight was Initial climb.
Cases, newest first
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 350)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 350)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB ENG19WA018Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationAirbus A320 · Jaipur, IndiaThe government of India has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a AIRBUS A320 airplane that occurred on April 1, 2019. An Indigo Airbus A320 powered by two Pratt & Whitney PW1127G-JM geared turbofan engines experienced a No. 1 (left) engine failure…NTSB ERA19LA145Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportBell 222 · Montgomery, NYA partial loss of engine power, as reported by the pilot, during takeoff for reasons that could not be determined based on available information.NTSB GAA19CA177Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportChampion 7EC · Fayetteville, ARThe pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack during takeoff as he attempted to avoid power lines, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.NTSB ERA19LA135Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA22 · Blanch, NCA total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.NTSB WPR19LA101Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportDennis l Zumbalt SKY Bolt · Deming, NMThe pilot’s failure to properly position the fuel selector before takeoff, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.NTSB GAA19WA223Accident · 1 fatalForeign investigationCessna A185 · Bocona, VenezuelaThe government of Venezuela has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a CESSNA A185 airplane that occurred on March 22, 2019. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Venezuela's investigation under the…NTSB CEN19FA104Accident · 2 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportIsrael Aircraft Industries 1124 · Yukon, OKThe airplane’s unairworthy thrust reverser (T/R) system due to inadequate maintenance that resulted in an asymmetric T/R deployment during an approach to the airport and the subsequent loss of airplane control.NTSB WPR19FA096Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportBeech 50 · Riverside, CAThe pilot’s failure to maintain airspeed and control of the airplane following a loss of right engine power for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information.NTSB DCA19RA101Accident · 157 fatalForeign investigationBoeing 737 · Addis Ababa, EthiopiaThe government of Ethiopia has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a BOEING 737 that occurred on March 10, 2019. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Ethiopia's investigation under the provisions of ICAO…NTSB CEN19LA101Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 150 · Granite Shoals, TXThe pilot's decision to takeoff with a limited amount of fuel onboard, which unported during a turn, resulting in fuel starvation and a subsequent loss of engine power.NTSB ERA19FA116Accident · 1 fatalClass 2 · FieldFinal reportPiper PA28 · Fellsmere, FLThe student pilot's loss of control due to spatial disorientation following an encounter with instrument meteorological conditions shortly after takeoff. Contributing to the accident was the failure of both the pilot and the flight school to ensure that the…NTSB ERA19FA113Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 182 · Louisburg, NCThe pilot's spatial disorientation and loss of airplane control following takeoff in night instrument meteorological conditions.NTSB CEN19FA088Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA46 · Shreveport, LAThe pilot's conduct of a departure into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), which resulted in spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of airplane control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's poor instrument flying skills and his decision…NTSB ERA19FA107Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 172 · Mansfield, MAThe flight instructor's failure to maintain airplane control during initial climb after a touch-and-go landing, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack and an aerodynamic stall.NTSB ERA19FA106Accident · 1 fatalClass 2 · FieldFinal reportStol UC-1 · Winter Haven, FLA total loss of left engine power for reasons that could not be determined, and the instructor's failure to maintain airspeed while maneuvering for a forced landing, which resulted in a loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the instructor's…NTSB ENG19IA013Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportBoeing 737 · Orlando, FLA No. 1 (left) engine high pressure compressor stage 2 blade separation. The blade separated due to a mixed-mode fatigue crack that originated on a blade disk post and was initiated by a misaligned (out-of-schedule) high pressure compressor stage 1 variable…NTSB CEN19LA085Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportTecnam P92 · Englewood, COThe loss of engine power for undetermined reasons, because the airplane wreckage was sold and relocated before the engine could be examined.NTSB DCA19CA075Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportBoeing 737 · Bluefields, NicaraguaAn inadvertent encounter with clear air turbulence.NTSB WPR19FA079Accident · 5 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportCessna 414 · Yorba Linda, CAThe pilot’s failure to maintain airplane control after entering instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) while climbing due to spatial disorientation, which resulted in the exceedance of the airplane’s design stress limits and subsequent in-flight break-up.…NTSB DCA19WA072Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationBoeing 787 · Casablanca, MoroccoThe BEA of Morocco has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a Boeing 787 airplane that occurred on February 03, 2019. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the BEA of Morocco's investigation under the provisions of ICAO Annex…NTSB GAA19WA342Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationRaytheon B200 · Lausanne-Switzerland, SwitzerlandThe government of Switzerland has notified the NTSB of an accident involving a RAYTHEON B200 airplane that occurred on February 02, 2019. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the government of Switzerland's investigation under the…NTSB ERA19LA094Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportAirborne Windsports Edge X · Ocala, FLThe noncertificated pilot's exceedance of the aircraft's critical angle of attack, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.NTSB WPR19LA076Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportWhittman 8-W Modified · Prospect, ORThe non-certificated pilot’s failure to ensure adequate fuel onboard prior to flight, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.NTSB WPR19FA075Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportPiper PA28 · Oceanside, CAThe pilot’s improper decision to depart on the night visual flight rules flight into deteriorating weather conditions, which resulted in an in-flight encounter with instrument meteorological conditions and collision with rising terrain.NTSB ENG19WA009Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationAirbus A320 · Lucknow, IndiaThe government of India has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a AIRBUS A320 airplane that occurred on January 21, 2019. An Indigo Airbus A320 experienced a No. 2 (right) engine failure while climbing through FL120 after departure from Lucknow Airport…NTSB CEN19LA056Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportDouglas DC3C · Kidron, OHThe loss of airplane control after an engine flameout and auto-feather system interruption during the takeoff climb, which resulted in an impact with terrain.NTSB CEN19LA065Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRobinson R44 · Uvalde, TXThe slipping of the sprag clutch due to galling of the sprags and corresponding sprag contact surfaces within the clutch assembly, which rendered the helicopter uncontrollable.NTSB WPR19LA058Accident · 2 fatalClass 2 · LimitedFinal reportBeech A36 · Colusa, CAThe pilot's loss of airplane control due to spatial disorientation shortly after takeoff in instrument meteorological conditions.NTSB WPR19WA059Accident · No injuriesForeign investigationCessna 182 · Tooradin, AustraliaOn January 6, 2019, at 1045 local time, a Cessna 182G, VH-DGF, collided with trees following a loss of engine power during the initial climb near Tooradin, Australia. The pilot and four passengers were not injured. The airplane was substantially damaged. The…NTSB ENG21WA016Incident · No injuriesClass 5 · ForeignBoeing 737 · Lagos, NigeriaNTSB ENG19WA010Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationAirbus A320 · Chennai, IndiaThe government of India has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a AIRBUS A320 airplane that occurred on January 3, 2019. An Indigo Airbus A320 experienced a No. 2 (right) engine failure while climbing while climbing after departure from Chennai Airport…NTSB CEN19LA051Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA 23 · Beaver Island, MIThe pilot's failure to maintain a positive rate of climb after takeoff which resulted in an impact with trees and terrain. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's inability to see a visible horizon due to the dark night lighting conditions and limited…NTSB WPR19LA050Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA28 · Santa Ana, CAA total loss of engine power due to a loose carburetor bowl.NTSB ERA19LA078Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportBRM Aero Bristell S-LSA · Lakeland, FLThe student pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack during the initial climb, resulting in an aerodynamic stall from which the pilot did not recover.NTSB ERA19FA071Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 560 · Atlanta, GAThe pilot's loss of airplane control due to spatial disorientation during initial climb in instrument meteorological conditions.NTSB DCA19WA049Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationBoeing 777 · Belo Horizonte, BrazilThe CENIPA of Brazil has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a Boeing 777 airplane that occurred on December 20, 2018. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist CENIPA's investigation under the provisions of ICAO Annex 13 as…NTSB WPR19FA042Accident · 1 fatalClass 2 · FieldFinal reportPiper PA-24-250 · Aberdeen, IDThe pilot's diverted attention during the takeoff climb due to a loss of engine power, which resulted in the airplane’s exceedance of the critical angle of attack and subsequent stall/spin.NTSB CEN19FA044Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA24 · Valparaiso, INThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the initial climb after takeoff, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack and a subsequent aerodynamic stall and spin.NTSB ERA19FA060Accident · 2 fatalClass 2 · FieldFinal reportCessna 335 · Fort Lauderdale, FLThe pilot's improper decision to fly the unairworthy airplane and his failure to feather the left propeller following a partial loss of power from the left engine after takeoff. Also causal was the partial loss of power to the left engine due to detonation.NTSB ERA19FA059Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 210 · Apalachicola, FLThe pilot's controlled flight into terrain as a result of his spatial disorientation during departure in dark nighttime conditions.NTSB CEN19FA036Accident · 3 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportCessna 525 · Memphis, INThe pilot’s inability to regain airplane control after a left roll that began for reasons that could not be determined based on the available evidence.NTSB CEN19FA035Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA 30 · Marion, INThe pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack following a loss of the left engine power shortly after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall at an altitude too low for recovery. Contributing to the accident was the loss of left…NTSB WPR19LA029Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportBKF Backcountry Supercub · Casper, WYThe seizure of two bearings in the reduction gearbox, resulting in the total loss of engine power. Contributing to the accident was a high descent rate which resulted in a hard landing.NTSB ERA19LA052Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA28 · Barnesville, GAThe student pilot’s failure to maintain airplane control during takeoff and the flight instructor’s delayed remedial action, which resulted in an off-runway landing and subsequent collision with trees.NTSB ERA19FA048Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportVans RV-12 · Niceville, FLA partial loss of engine power during initial climb for undetermined reasons, and pilot's failure to maintain airspeed during a turn back to the runway, which resulted in an exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack, and subsequent aerodynamic…NTSB WPR19FA025Accident · 2 fatalClass 2 · FieldFinal reportCessna 182 · Redding, CAThe pilot's spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of control after takeoff in dark night instrument meteorological conditions.NTSB GAA19CA060Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportBeech 36 · Williams, AZThe pilot's failure to attain a sufficient climb rate during initial climb in high-density altitude conditions with the airplane near its forward center of gravity and maximum gross weight limits, which resulted in an impact with trees.NTSB ERA19LA041Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA28R · Lake City, FLThe pilot's failure to attain adequate airspeed before attempting the takeoff with a tailwind, which resulted in the airplane being unable to sustain flight.NTSB WPR19LA023Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportVans RV7A · Ramona, CAThe partial loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information.NTSB ERA19TA042Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3Final reportMooney M20C · Wildwood, NJThe pilot’s improper fuel management, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation during the initial climb. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s decision to initiate a 180° turn following the loss of power.