NTSB investigations, 2002
241 cases where the phase of flight was Maneuvering.
Cases per year
| 1964 | 415 |
|---|---|
| 1965 | 419 |
| 1966 | 366 |
| 1967 | 410 |
| 1968 | 394 |
| 1969 | 360 |
| 1970 | 330 |
| 1971 | 384 |
| 1972 | 359 |
| 1973 | 407 |
| 1974 | 410 |
| 1975 | 407 |
| 1976 | 480 |
| 1977 | 443 |
| 1978 | 433 |
| 1979 | 384 |
| 1980 | 377 |
| 1981 | 374 |
| 1982 | 416 |
| 1983 | 476 |
| 1984 | 462 |
| 1985 | 402 |
| 1986 | 357 |
| 1987 | 357 |
| 1988 | 349 |
| 1989 | 313 |
| 1990 | 307 |
| 1991 | 350 |
| 1992 | 309 |
| 1993 | 315 |
| 1994 | 322 |
| 1995 | 320 |
| 1996 | 279 |
| 1997 | 262 |
| 1998 | 259 |
| 1999 | 267 |
| 2000 | 281 |
| 2001 | 257 |
| 2002 | 241 |
| 2003 | 263 |
| 2004 | 224 |
| 2005 | 212 |
| 2006 | 203 |
| 2007 | 222 |
| 2008 | 235 |
| 2009 | 208 |
| 2010 | 222 |
| 2011 | 250 |
| 2012 | 236 |
| 2013 | 216 |
| 2014 | 199 |
| 2015 | 217 |
| 2016 | 177 |
| 2017 | 201 |
| 2018 | 187 |
| 2019 | 197 |
| 2020 | 165 |
| 2021 | 186 |
| 2022 | 186 |
| 2023 | 191 |
| 2024 | 166 |
| 2025 | 145 |
| 2026 | 90 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c.\"eventDate\") = 2002
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 2002
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 450)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB FTW03LA072Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 206-L4 · High Island 471The pilot's attempt to takeoff during known adverse weather conditions and failure to maintain control of the helicopter while maneuvering. Contributing factors were the gusty and high wind conditions.NTSB FTW03LA068Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportBarber Glasair · Conroe, TXThe pilot's failure to maintain airspeed resulting in an inadvertent stall and a subsequent loss of control.NTSB ANC03GA020Accident · 1 fatalFinal reportAviat A-1B · King Salmon, AKThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in an in-flight collision with terrain.NTSB LAX03LA052Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportSchweizer 269C · Los Banos, CAThe improper engine overhaul by other maintenance personnel, which resulted in an exhaust valve failure and a total loss of engine power while in maneuvering flight.NTSB LAX03LA049Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-12 · Fallon, NVThe pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during a low altitude maneuver. Contributing factors were the inadequate passenger briefing regarding the flight controls and the passenger's inadvertent use of the rudder.NTSB CHI03LA037Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportStinson 108-1 · Frankenmuth, MIThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed which resulted in an inadvertent stall.NTSB CHI03LA036Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportNorth American T-28B · Glenwood, MNThe altitude/clearance not maintained by the pilot-in-command. The low altitude maneuvering by the pilot-in-command was a contributing factor.NTSB LAX03FA045Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-140 · Phelan, CAthe student pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed while maneuvering that lead to a stall spin and impact with flat desert terrain.NTSB IAD03LA022Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172H · Leeds, MAThe flight instructor's failure to ensure adequate fuel onboard, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a total loss of engine power.NTSB FTW03FA054Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 402C · Lewisville, TXThe failure of the attitude indicator, and the pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control as a result of spatial disorientation following the failure of the attitude indicator. Contributing factors were a low ceiling, clouds, and dark night conditions.NTSB LAX03TA043Accident · No injuriesFinal reportBell 47G-3B-1 · Panaca, NVseparation of the no. 6 cylinder intake valve head from the valve stem, which resulted in a loss of engine power. The mechanism responsible for the valve failure is unknown.NTSB FTW03FA053Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 172N · Lindsay, OKThe in-flight separation of the right wing due to the missing nut that secures the right wing's strut to fuselage fitting to the fuselage.NTSB FTW03LA047Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportWSK PZL Mielec M18A · Votaw, TXA loss of engine power for undertermined reasons. Contributing factors included the unsuitable terrain for the forced landing and the lack of airspeed.NTSB CHI03CA022Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportTaylorcraft BC12-D · Albion, MIA failure by the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed while maneuvering. Contributing factors were the resulting stall/spin, the relatively low altitude and the soft terrain encountered.NTSB FTW03LA045Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRobinson R22 Beta · Carrizo Springs, TXThe pilot's failure to maintain control of the helicopter after encountering dynamic rollover. A contributing factor was the deer pulling the aircraft unevenly.NTSB NYC03LA017Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBoeing Stearman A75 · Glade Spring, VAthe pilot's improper in-flight decision to fly at an altitude that did not allow for successful completion of a forced landing, after the engine lost power for undetermined reason(s). A factor was the unsuitable terrain.NTSB LAX03LA027Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAerospatiale AS350B · Kingman, AZthe pilot's inadequate visual lookout and failure to maintain adequate clearance from transmission wires while performing low altitude operations.NTSB FTW03FA029Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCirrus Design SR20 · Las Vegas, NMThe pilot's inadvertent flight into instrument meteorological conditions and failure to maintain clearance with the terrain. A contributing factor was the pilot's failure to obtain an updated preflight weather briefing.NTSB FTW03FA027Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportAero Commander 500-B · Rayville, LAThe pilot-in-command's failure to maintain adequate airspeed resulting in an inadvertent stall/spin.NTSB IAD03LA011Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportHughes 369A · Marietta, PAThe flight instructor 's misjudgment of the helicopter's height above the river.NTSB FTW03LA025Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna T188C · Seminole, TXThe loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A contributing factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.NTSB FTW03LA019Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAir Tractor AT-602 · Plainview, TXThe pilot's failure to maintain clearance with the wires. Contributing factors were the low ceilings and the prevailing haze.NTSB LAX03LA015Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-161 · Queen Creek, AZa loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.NTSB CHI03LA010Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150M · Kincaid, ILThe pilot not maintaining altitude/clearance from the terrain during the aerobatic maneuver. A factor to the accident was the pilot being impaired by alcohol.NTSB NYC03LA010Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Salisbury, MAThe pilot's inadequate preflight inspection, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel contamination. Factors in this accident were the corroded fuel tanks caps, and an inadequate annual inspection.NTSB FTW03FA016Accident · 6 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-301 · Paron, ARThe pilot's failure to maintain altitude/clearance from terrain. Contributing factors were the low ceiling, the pilot's decision to fly in known adverse weather conditions, and his lack of an instrument rating.NTSB LAX03LA011Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRotorway 162F · Tucson, AZthe failure of the secondary drive shaft.NTSB ANC03LA003Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMaule M-7-235 · Wrangell, AKThe pilot's inadequate weather evaluation, his continued flight into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), and his failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance from terrain/water, which resulted in a collision with water while maneuvering. Factors…NTSB CHI03LA009Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportDavis Early Bird Jenny · Scottsburg, INThe pilot not maintaining aircraft control. Factors to the accident included the pilot's lack of familiarity with the airplane, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/spin at a low altitude.NTSB FTW03FA008Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-140 · Lakeview, ARthe pilot's failure to maintain clearance with the terrain while maneuvering.NTSB LAX03LA003Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 140 · Avalon, CAThe pilot's failure to maintain sufficient altitude while maneuvering at low altitude. Factors were the pilot's fatigue and the distraction of trying to drop a message onto a boat.NTSB MIA03LA002Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportGolden RV6A · Tuskegee, ALthe failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/spin, and subsequent impact with the terrain.NTSB FTW03FA003Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportSocata TB-20 · Texarkana, ARThe inadvertamt stall by the student pilot, and the inadequate supervision by the flight instructor.NTSB FTW03LA004Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAir Tractor AT-400 · Marmaduke, ARThe pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control. A contributing factor was the towering cumulus in all quadrants.NTSB DEN03FA002Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna T210M · Laramie, WYthe pilot's improper inflight planning/decision, and his failure to maintain terrain clearance while attempting a low altitude maneuver. Contributing factors were the mountainous terrain, the airplane’s low altitude, and the pilot's lack of total instrument…NTSB NYC02LA198Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportNorth American AT-6D · Circleville, OHThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the course reversal, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/spin.NTSB NYC02FA197Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 310L · Virgil, NYThe pilot's decision to continue the flight into IMC after canceling his IFR clearance, and his failure to maintain terrain clearance while maneuvering. Factors in the accident were rain, low ceilings, and night.NTSB FTW02LA267Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna A188 · Wellington, TXThe loss of engine power for an undetermined reason.NTSB FTW02LA266Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRobinson R22 Beta · Freer, TXThe pilot's failure to maintain clearance with the power lines while manuevering. A factor was the sunglare.NTSB SEA02FA180Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-180 · Yellow Pine, IDThe pilot's failure to maintain clearance from trees. A factor was trees south of the departure end of the runway.NTSB NYC02FA196Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-30 · Gilford, NHThe flight instructor's failure to maintain airplane control, which resulted in an uncontrolled collision with water.NTSB MIA02CA174Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 188B · Pikesville, NCThe inability of the pilot to see the .250 inch diameter unmarked cable resulting in the in-flight collision with the cable and substantial damage to the airplane.NTSB FTW02LA264Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportBell 47G-2 · Edmondson, ARThe pilot's failure to maintain clearance from the high voltage power lines.NTSB CHI02FA294Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportAviat S-2C · Sheridan, INThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude and airspeed while performing an aerobatic maneuver. Contributing factors were the pilot-in-command exceeding the aircraft weight and balance, and his inadequate preflight planning/preparation.NTSB LAX02LA294Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRobinson R22B · Silverado, CAThe student's failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm, and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. Contributing factors were the hilly terrain and the relative high density altitude conditions.NTSB FTW02LA263Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 188A · Vincent, TXThe loss of engine power for undetermined reasons. A contributing factor was the lack of suitable terrain for the forced landing.NTSB LAX02FA285Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-18A-150 · Tucson, AZthe pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed while maneuvering at low altitude, which resulted in a stall spin.NTSB IAD02LA094Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportGarlick OH-58AT · Rochester, MAThe pilot's failure to center the sling load prior to commencing forward flight. Also causal, was the pilot's improper decision to attempt a takeoff with a quartering tailwind, which resulted in an engine compressor stall.NTSB FTW02LA256Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAir Tractor AT-301 · Altus, OKthe pilot's failure to maintain clearance with electrical wires while maneuvering during an aerial application flight.NTSB SEA02LA174Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMcDonnell Douglas 369E · Index, WAThe pilot's failure to maintain clearance from terrain while hovering.