NTSB investigations, MI
734 cases where the phase of flight was Enroute.
Cases per year
| 1963 | 1 |
|---|---|
| 1964 | 12 |
| 1965 | 15 |
| 1966 | 20 |
| 1967 | 19 |
| 1968 | 26 |
| 1969 | 21 |
| 1970 | 33 |
| 1971 | 24 |
| 1972 | 26 |
| 1973 | 34 |
| 1974 | 26 |
| 1975 | 17 |
| 1976 | 26 |
| 1977 | 15 |
| 1978 | 21 |
| 1979 | 23 |
| 1980 | 19 |
| 1981 | 16 |
| 1982 | 11 |
| 1983 | 11 |
| 1984 | 14 |
| 1985 | 16 |
| 1986 | 16 |
| 1987 | 12 |
| 1988 | 11 |
| 1989 | 9 |
| 1990 | 13 |
| 1991 | 10 |
| 1992 | 15 |
| 1993 | 13 |
| 1994 | 9 |
| 1995 | 13 |
| 1996 | 12 |
| 1997 | 13 |
| 1998 | 8 |
| 1999 | 7 |
| 2000 | 9 |
| 2001 | 10 |
| 2002 | 14 |
| 2003 | 9 |
| 2004 | 5 |
| 2005 | 10 |
| 2006 | 8 |
| 2007 | 3 |
| 2008 | 6 |
| 2009 | 6 |
| 2010 | 7 |
| 2011 | 2 |
| 2012 | 1 |
| 2013 | 2 |
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2015 | 4 |
| 2016 | 2 |
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2018 | 1 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2020 | 1 |
| 2021 | 6 |
| 2022 | 4 |
| 2023 | 3 |
| 2024 | 2 |
| 2025 | 2 |
| 2026 | 1 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventStateOrRegion\" = 'MI' AND c.\"eventCountry\" = 'USA'
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventStateOrRegion" = 'MI' AND c."eventCountry" = 'USA'
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB CEN26LA213Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedPreliminary reportTextron 182T · Newberry, MIOn January 22, 2026, about 18:40 eastern standard time, a Cessna 182T, N116D was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Newberry, Michigan. The pilot was not injured. The airplane was operated under the provisions of Title 14 Code of…NTSB CEN25LA357Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedPreliminary reportPiper PA-24-250 · Gregory, MIOn August 28, 2025, at about 1550 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-24-250 airplane, N7412P, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Gregory, Michigan. The pilot was seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of…NTSB CEN25LA239Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportLuscombe 8A · Newaygo, MIThe pilot’s inadequate fuel planning and his failure to adequately monitor the fuel level during the flight which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.NTSB CEN24LA249Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportRotorway 162 F · Maybee, MIA partial loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.NTSB CEN24LA185Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportTitan T51 · Novi, MIA failure of the electrical system, resulting in a loss of fuel injection and subsequent loss of engine power.NTSB CEN24LA033Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportAero Commander 500-B · Jackson, MIA loss of engine power to both engines as a result of the pilot’s improper fuel management. Contributing was the inoperative fuel quantity sending unit.NTSB CEN23FA410Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportSonex Sonex · Dowagiac, MIThe total loss of engine power due to the failure of the ignition distributor rotor.NTSB CEN23LA371Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportRutan Longez · Genoa Township, MIA total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.NTSB CEN23LA067Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172F · Auburn Hills, MIThe catastrophic engine failure due to lack of oil lubrication, which resulted from the pilot’s failure to follow the airplane and engine manufacturers’ guidance for cold weather operation.NTSB CEN23LA036Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 152 · Manchester, MIA partial loss of engine power as a result of carburetor ice.NTSB CEN22LA403Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportBeech A36 · Houghton Lake, MIA loss of engine power during cruise flight for undetermined reasons.NTSB DCA22LA191Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportBoeing 717-200 · Detroit, MIAn encounter with moderate turbulence during descent.NTSB CEN22FA029Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportVans RV · Harrison, MIThe pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed and exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack during landing approach, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.NTSB CEN21LA423Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportMooney M20J · Howell, MIThe pilot’s inadequate preflight inspection of the airplane’s fuel quantity, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.NTSB CEN21LA321Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportSwann Lynn J Seawind 3000 · Charlevoix, MIThe loss of engine power for undetermined reasons based on available evidence.NTSB CEN21FA220Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportCessna 182 · St. Louis, MIThe pilot’s failure to maintain adequate visual lookout to ensure clearance from the radio tower and its guy wires. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s unnecessary use of his mobile device during the flight, which diminished his attention/monitoring…NTSB CEN21LA191Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 150 · Caro, MIThe pilot's inadequate preflight inspection and fuel planning and improper in-flight decision-making, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.NTSB CEN21LA146Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 210 · Grand Haven, MIThe total loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined.NTSB CEN20LA377Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportStinson 108-3 · Coleman, MIThe pilot’s improper installation of the generator drive gear, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.NTSB CEN20LA017Accident · Serious injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportSocata TB 30 Epsilon · Kalamazoo, MIA total loss of engine power for undetermined reasons, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall during the pilot’s attempted forced landing at low altitude and impact with terrain.NTSB CEN19LA308Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 150 · Whitehall, MIThe pilot’s flight into a water tower while operating below minimum safe altitudes for reasons that could not be determined based on the available evidence for this investigation.NTSB GAA19CA534Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportPiper PA28 · Sawyer, MIThe pilot's improper fuel management, which resulted in fuel starvation, a total loss of engine power, and an off-airport landing and impact with vegetation and a ditch. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to follow the Emergency Power Loss…NTSB CEN19LA249Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportCessna A185 · Saginaw, MIMaintenance personnel’s failure to properly align the crankshaft during an engine reassembly which led to a fatigue failure of the crankshaft and the loss of all engine power.NTSB CEN19FA247Accident · 1 fatalClass 3 · FieldFinal reportPiper PA28 · Ontonagon, MIThe non-instrument-rated pilot’s decision to continue visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions with thunderstorm activity, which resulted in spatial disorientation and a loss of airplane control.NTSB CEN19FA165Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech V35 · Frankfort, MIA loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined based on the available information.NTSB CEN18LA150Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportWolfe Kitfox V · Kalkaska, MIThe pilot's failure to maintain airplane control that resulted in a stall/spin following climb from the departure airport.NTSB CEN17LA178Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182G · Manistee, MIThe failure of the airplane owner and maintenance personnel to follow the propeller manufacturer's recommend overhaul schedule, which resulted in a fatigue fracture of the propeller blade actuating pin and a loss of thrust in flight.NTSB CEN16LA264Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAlonso CH 701 · Dexter, MIThe total loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination of the engine revealed no mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation.NTSB GAA16CA196Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 182 · Moorestown, MIAn in-flight bird strike, which resulted in wind screen damage.NTSB CEN15LA421Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportLerch RV6A · Deckerville, MIThe in-flight loss of engine oil after the oil filter separated from the engine adapter assembly because of an incorrect modification of the oil filter adapter assembly, which resulted in a precautionary landing in a field.NTSB CEN15LA332Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAlon A2 · Holland, MIA total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation during cruise flight. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s inadequate preflight fuel planning.NTSB CEN15LA346Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportErcoupe 415 · Saint Martin Island, MIThe failure of a connecting rod bearing, which resulted in a loss of engine power.NTSB CEN15LA157Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA 28R-200 · Frankenmuth, MIThe failure of the engine due to a lack of oil lubrication for reasons that could not be determined during postaccident examinations.NTSB CEN14LA419Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportEvolution Trikes Revo · South Haven, MIThe noninstrument-rated pilot’s decision to continue visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in his loss of aircraft control and the resultant overstress and in-flight breakup of the weight-shift-control aircraft.NTSB CEN14FA102Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportMooney M20R · Boyne City, MIThe pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane as he attempted to return to the airport after encountering dark night conditions and heavy snow showers.NTSB CEN13LA490Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportTaylorcraft BC12-D1 · Eastport, MIA fuel leak in the engine compartment and subsequent fire, the source of which could not be determined because of extensive postaccident fire damage.NTSB CEN13LA232Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172G · Reading, MIThe partial loss of engine power due to the improper securing of the throttle linkage by maintenance personnel.NTSB CEN12FA487Accident · No injuriesField investigationFinal reportMooney M20TN · Adrian, MIAn initial nose-pitch-up event and out-of-trim condition, the reason for which could not be determined because the examinations of the airplane did not reveal any anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. Contributing to the accident was the…NTSB CEN12LA118Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-260 · Elk Rapids, MIThe loss of engine power due to the failure of the exhaust valve.NTSB CEN11CA516Accident · Serious injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 150F · Harbor Beach, MIThe pilot's delay in using carburetor heat while operating in carburetor icing conditions, resulting in carburetor ice and subsequent partial loss of engine power.NTSB CEN11CA038Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 182L · Mancelona, MIA loss of engine power in flight due to the failure of the engine's No. 5 piston.NTSB CEN10LA531Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-161 · Buchanan, MIA failure of the engine's No. 3 and No. 4 cylinder valve lifters for undetermined reasons, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.NTSB CEN10LA498Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportFreeman Super Koala · Traverse City, MIA loss of engine power due to the improper torquing of the number one cylinder's spark plug as a result of inadequate maintenance.NTSB CEN10CA500Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 150K · Gaylord, MIA loss of engine power for undetermined reasons.NTSB CEN10FA465Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna U206F · Ludington, MIThe total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of accumulated debris in the fuel system from an undetermined source. Also causal was the inadequate annual maintenance inspection that did not include inspection of the firewall fuel strainer…NTSB CEN10CA317Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportBell 47G · Plymouth, MIThe pilot's failure to use carburetor heat, which led to carburetor icing and a loss of engine power following takeoff.NTSB CEN10CA209Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportTrue Flight Holdings AA-5B · Muskegon, MIThe inadvertent in-flight collision with a goose.NTSB CEN10FA063Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-31T2 · Harrison, MIA loss of aircraft control for undetermined reasons.NTSB CEN10LA037Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-180 · Coldwater, MIA loss of engine power due to the separation of the No. 4 piston connecting rod as a result of inadequate torque of the connecting rod bolt.NTSB CEN09CA517Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportBell 47G-2A · Covert, MIA loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of blocked fuel vents.