NTSB investigations
35,885 cases where the phase of flight was Enroute.
Cases, newest first
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB ANC13LA021Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172N · Kalskag, AKThe pilot’s decision to take off into deteriorating weather conditions, which resulted in a loss of visual reference and the subsequent controlled flight into terrain. Contributing to the severity of the rear seat passenger’s injuries was the incorrect…NTSB ERA13LA126Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMccowan Steve A Shttd · Montrose, GAA total loss of engine power during cruise flight due to the separation of the No. 2 piston connecting rod.NTSB ERA13WA128Accident · 5 fatalForeign investigationBeech C90 · Candido Mota, BrazilOn February 3, 2013, about 2230 coordinated universal time, a Beech C90A, Brazilian registration PP-AVG, was destroyed when it impacted terrain near Cândido Mota, Brazil. The pilot and four passengers were fatally injured. The flight originated from Regional…NTSB WPR13LA113Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172 · Wilcox, AZThe loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination did not reveal any abnormalities that would have precluded normal operation.NTSB WPR13LA108Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 175B · Wellsville, UTA loss of engine power during cruise flight due to carburetor ice.NTSB ERA13RA125Accident · 3 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R44 · Asuncion, ParaguayOn February 2, 2013, about 2115 local time (February 3, 2013, 0015 coordinated universal time), a Robinson R44, Paraguayan registration ZP-HAH, operated by Helitactica S.A., was destroyed when it impacted sparsely populated terrain about 27 nautical miles…NTSB CEN13LA149Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCirrus Design SR22 · College Station, TXThe flight instructor’s and commercial pilot’s failure to see and avoid the other airplane, which resulted in a collision during cruise flight. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the flight instructor to activate the transponder before departure,…NTSB CEN13CA145Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportHughes 369HS · London, OHThe pilot's failure to comply with established cold weather operating procedures, which resulted in a total loss of engine power. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's excessive aft cyclic input during the landing flare, which resulted in main rotor…NTSB ERA13LA121Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-260 · Yonkers, NYA partial loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined because examination of the engine and associated components did not reveal any mechanical malfunction or failure that would have precluded normal operation.NTSB WPR13LA101Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150L · Matlock, WAA partial loss of engine power after a descent to a lower altitude due to the student pilot's delayed action in applying carburetor heat while operating in conditions conducive to carburetor icing.NTSB DCA13WA042Incident · Minor injuriesForeign investigationBoeing 737 · Genoa, ItalyOn 23 January 2013, at about 0947 UTC time, a Boeing 737-800, registration EI-DCX, operated by RyanAir, declared an emergency and diverted into Genoa, Italy, after experiencing a pressurization problem on both systems. Two passengers sustained minor injuries…NTSB CEN13FA137Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech 95-B55 (T42A) · Mangum, OKThe airplane's aerodynamic stall/spin at low altitude and subsequent impact with terrain for reasons that could not be determined during postaccident examinations. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's lack of currency/proficiency.NTSB WPR13CA103Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 150J · Porterville, CAThe pilot's improper fuel management, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.NTSB ERA13IA114Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportCessna 560XL · Debary, FLAn accumulation of debris in the airplane’s bilge drain holes that prevented accumulated moisture from properly draining; the accumulated moisture subsequently froze around the elevator control components, which resulted in the flight control stiffness.…NTSB CEN13FA131Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA46-500TP · Paris, TXThe pilot's encounter with convective weather, which resulted in a loss of airplane control.NTSB WPR13CA092Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportHeinz Rans S-4 Coyote · Lake Pleasant, AZA partial loss of engine power during cruise flight for reasons that could not be determined because the airplane was not recovered.NTSB ERA13LA112Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna T182 · Brandon, FLFailure of the No. 2 cylinder’s rod bearing, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.NTSB CEN13FA130Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportRaytheon 58 · Maxwell, NEThe pilot’s inadvertent encounter with severe icing conditions, which resulted in structural icing and the subsequent loss of airplane control.NTSB CEN13CA134Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportMooney M20C · Moriarty, NMThe pilot’s improper fuel management, which resulted in a loss of engine power during cruise flight due to fuel starvation.NTSB WPR13FA086Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech V35A · Woody, CAAn in-flight encounter with icing conditions during descent, which resulted in the airplane exceeding its critical angle-of-attack and experiencing an aerodynamic stall followed by an in-flight breakup.NTSB ERA13RA106Accident · 7 fatalClass 5 · ForeignBoeing-Vertol 234 · Pucallpa, Peru, PeruOn January 7, 2013, about 2002 universal coordinated time (1502 local time), a Boeing-Vertol 234, N241CH, operated by Columbia Helicopters Peru, S.A.C., was destroyed during an inflight breakup and subsequent impact with terrain near Pucallpa, Peru. The U.S.…NTSB ERA13CA107Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportBrewer James M KR2 · Bear Branch, KYThe pilot’s improper preflight planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion. Contributing to the fuel exhaustion was the pilot’s lack of knowledge about the airplane’s total fuel capacity and fuel quantity instrumentation.NTSB CEN13LA132Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBellanca 17-30A · Antlers, OKThe pilot's improper fuel management, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.NTSB WPR13LA085Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportJeremiah Jackson Vans RV-10 · Julian, CAA loss of engine power due to oil starvation as a result of a disconnected oil line. Contributing to the accident was an insufficiently tightened oil line fitting.NTSB ERA13WA282Accident · 2 fatalForeign investigationRobinson R66 · Caraguatatuba, BrazilOn January 3, 2013, about 1600 coordinated universal time (UTC), a Robinson R-66 Helicopter, Brazilian registration PR-DUB, was destroyed when it impacted a dense forest and the side of a hill in the Caraguatatuba Municipality, in the State of São Paulo,…NTSB CEN13FA122Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportBell Helicopter 407 · Clear Lake, IAThe pilot’s inadvertent encounter with localized icing conditions and his subsequent in-flight loss of helicopter control.NTSB CEN13FA121Accident · Serious injuriesField investigationFinal reportEurocopter EC130 B4 · Seminole, OKThe loss of engine power due to ice ingestion. Contributing to the accident was maintenance personnel’s delayed decision to install the helicopter's engine inlet cover until after the engine had been exposed to moisture and freezing temperatures and their…NTSB WPR13FA076Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportMckenzie Lancair IV-P Turbine · Lakeside, CAThe pilot’s failure to maintain airspeed while attempting a visual climb through a broken cloud layer, which resulted in a stall/spin.NTSB CEN13LA119Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 407 · Big Lake, TXThe loss of engine power due to the fatigue failure of the outer combustion case at the fuel nozzle port. Contributing to the accident was the operator’s failure to conduct the recommended routine inspections of the outer combustion case.NTSB ERA13FA096Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-31-350 · Leesburg, FLThe pilot's inadequate preflight planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a subsequent total loss of power in both engines during cruise flight. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s use of prescription and illicit drugs, which likely impaired…NTSB ERA13LA097Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Lock Haven, PAThe reinstallation of improper connecting rods at engine overhaul, which resulted in abnormal wear of the connecting rod bearings; while the bearings did not meet the manufacturer’s specifications, the use of the unapproved connecting rods more likely caused…NTSB CEN13LA110Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 95-B55 (T42A) · Las Cruces, NMThe pilot's failure to properly manage the airplane's fuel, which resulted in engine failure due to fuel starvation.NTSB WPR13FA072Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-31-350 · Payson, AZThe airplane’s inadvertent encounter, in night instrument meteorological conditions, with unforecast strong up- and downdrafts and possibly severe airframe icing conditions (which likely included supercooled large droplets that the airplane was not…NTSB ERA13LA094Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportWragg George Skybolt · Sarasota, FLThe pilot's inadequate preflight planning and failure to monitor the fuel quantity during flight, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.NTSB CEN13LA111Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper L-18C · Graham, TXThe failure of an engine connecting rod and the subsequent loss of oil pressure, which resulted in a total loss of engine power.NTSB WPR13FA312Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportMooney M20F · Yosemite Valley, CAThe pilot’s decision to continue flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in his failure to maintain situational awareness and sufficient altitude to clear mountainous terrain.NTSB WPR13FA070Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-31T1 · Ely, NVThe pilot’s failure to regain airplane control following a sudden rapid descent during cruise flight, which resulted in an exceedance of the design stress limits of the aircraft and led to an in-flight structural failure.NTSB CEN13FA105Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportBeech E-90 · Amarillo, TXThe pilot’s loss of control of the airplane after encountering icing conditions and heavy to extreme turbulence and the subsequent exceedance of the airplane’s design limit, which led to an in-flight breakup.NTSB ANC13FA017Accident · Serious injuriesField investigationFinal reportEurocopter AS350 B3 · Beluga, AKThe pilot's failure to stabilize the external load, which led to the synthetic long-line separating about midspan and the remaining line becoming entangled in the tail rotor gearbox output shaft and resulted in the separation of the tail rotor gearbox and…NTSB ERA13WA089Accident · 4 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA34 · Zulia, ColombiaOn December 12, 2012, about 1530 universal coordinated time (1030 local time), a Piper PA-34-200T, Colombian registration HK4477G, was destroyed when it impacted rising mountainous terrain in the vicinity of La Cuchilla, near Zulia, Norte de Santander,…NTSB ERA13FA083Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportDiamond Aircraft Ind DA 40 · Lake Park, GAThe noninstrument-rated pilot’s improper decision to depart in dark, night marginal visual flight rules conditions, which resulted in his spatial disorientation and subsequent loss of airplane control.NTSB CEN13LA103Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAuman JL T-51 · Dekalb, ILThe improper engine overhaul by the airplane kit manufacturer, which resulted in a catastrophic engine failure.NTSB CEN13FA096Accident · 3 fatalField investigationFinal reportMBB BK 117 A-3 · Compton, ILThe inadvertent encounter with inclement weather, including snow, freezing rain, and reduced visibility conditions, which led to the pilot’s spatial disorientation and loss of aircraft control.NTSB DCA13RA025Accident · 7 fatalForeign investigationLearjet 25 · Monterrey, MexicoNTSB CEN13WA092Accident · 8 fatalForeign investigationPiper PA-32-301 · Melbach, GermanyOn December 8, 2012, about 1513 coordinated universal time, a Piper PA-32, German registration, D-EUEU, and a Robin Regent DR400, German registration D-EHJP, collided while on cross country flights near Melbach, Germany. Visual meteorological conditions…NTSB WPR13CA064Accident · Serious injuriesData collectionFinal reportRobinson Helicopter R44 II · Roosevelt Lake, AZThe pilot's visual disorientation, which resulted in a collision with the lake.NTSB CEN13LA104Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172M · Arcola, TXThe loss of engine power during initial climb for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination of the engine did not reveal any anomalies that would have precluded normal operation.NTSB CEN13LA095Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMooney M20E · Gurdon, ARThe total loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined because no mechanical engine malfunctions were identified and because the actual fuel load and distribution at the time of the accident could not be determined.NTSB CEN13LA091Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportStinson 108-2 · Halfway, MOThe pilot's failure to properly maintain the airplane and engine, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to improperly installed magnetos and a broken camshaft.NTSB DCA13WA160Incident · No injuriesForeign investigationBoeing Boeing 777-236 · Shannon, IrelandThe Air Accident Investigations Unit of Ireland has notified the NTSB of an incident involving a Boeing 777 that occurred on December 02, 2012. The NTSB has appointed a U.S. Accredited Representative to assist the AAIU-I investigation under the provisions of…