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NTSB investigations

35,889 cases where the phase of flight was Enroute.

Cases, newest first

Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
    crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
    current_codes AS (
      SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
        row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
      FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
      WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
        AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
    ),
    phases AS (
      SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
      FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
      UNION ALL
      SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
      FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
      WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
    ),
    case_phases AS (
      SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
      FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
      LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
      WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
    )
  SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
  FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
  WHERE c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 400)
  ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"

Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.

NTSB LAX85LA397Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182P · Mammoth Lakes, CAThe plt stated that the afct's throttle stuck in the full power position. He shut the engine down using the mixture control, but misjudged his altitude, stalled the aircraft & crashed short of the runway. The condition of the wreckage precluded determination…Sep 20, 1985 · N7208N · Substantial damageNTSB FTW85LA353Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Plainview, TXThe acft was substantially damaged during an emerg landing following an eng failure due to fuel exhaustion. Plt stated that during the 2nd leg of his flt, the ceiling and visibility deteriorated to the point that he was unable to find the arpt at his…Sep 20, 1985 · N1994T · Substantial damageNTSB ATL85FLT12Accident · Serious injuriesFinal reportCessna 150L · Tunica, MSThe acft sustained substantial damage during a forced landing in a cotton fld following fuel exhaustion. Purpose of the flt was to take aerial photographs. Post accident inspection of the acft disclosed 2.5 gallons of fuel remaining in the right fuel tank and…Sep 20, 1985 · N10735 · Substantial damageNTSB ATL85FKG10Accident · No injuriesFinal reportPiper PA 60-700P · Hampton, GAThe plt feathered the #2 eng during flt when the oil pressure dropped to zero. #1 alternator failed to produce power and when the landing gear was lowered the battery was depleted to the point that the cockpit instrument lights went out. The acft was landed…Sep 20, 1985 · N6905A · Substantial damageNTSB ATL85LA279Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 177RG · Neola, WVWhile leveling at cruise altitude the engine lost power and the pilot attempted a forced landing in a field. During landing roll the aircraft collided with small trees at the end of the field. Post-crash examination of the engine disclosed a 3 inch crack in…Sep 19, 1985 · N800JH · Substantial damageNTSB ANC85LA179Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 207 · Chuathbaluk, AKThe acft made an emergency landing in a river after an eng failure due to fuel exhaustion. The plt stated that he could not determine exact fuel quantity prior to takeoff due to a broken cap on right fuel tank. The operator told the plt to fly the acft…Sep 18, 1985 · N91157 · Substantial damageNTSB NYC85FA240Accident · Minor injuriesField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-31-350 · West Mifflin, PADuring an air taxi flight the pilot transmitted that the airplane was out of fuel and landing on a golf course. Less than one gallon of fuel was drained from the wreckage. The airplane was making an unplanned return trip to pick up passengers after a…Sep 17, 1985 · N62994 · Substantial damageNTSB LAX85LA407Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 206B · Pacific Ocean (Pacific Ocean)The helicopter experienced a loss of pwr within 10 minutes after takeoff from a fishing vessel. The helicopter was ditched in the Ocean at coordinates 11.25'N and 103.37'W. Examination of fuel samples from the fishing vessel revealed both upper and lower fuel…Sep 17, 1985 · N2160L · DestroyedNTSB LAX85LA405Accident · 2 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportPiper J3 C-65 · Grand Canyon, AZAfter departing pierce ferry, AZ the plt and his passenger flew east, up the Colorado river, at a low level towards kanab point. The plt's notes and charts show that the flt was to turn north for aprx 40 NM, with a refueling stop at kanab, UT. The bright…Sep 17, 1985 · N6566H · DestroyedNTSB SEA85LA215Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportVarga 2150A · Vale, ORThe acft nosed down after the nose gear collapsed during a forced landing on a dirt road following a loss of pwr. The plt reported that aprx 1 hr into the x-country flt he noted the fuel gages indicated 1/2 full on each tank. A state trooper reported he…Sep 16, 1985 · N8291J · Substantial damageNTSB MKC85FA217Accident · Serious injuriesField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-181 · What Cheer, IAThe acft was observed flying through the top of a tree, then through a four strand high voltage pwr line. Final impact was relatively flat in a soy-bean field. The plt later stated that he had become disoriented in flt and hallucinated that he was in a Piper…Sep 16, 1985 · N8262U · Substantial damageNTSB LAX85LA391Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMooney M20K · Rosamond, CAWhile enroute to van nuys arpt at about 9500 ft, the plt reported to edwards afb apch control that he was experiencing a rough running eng. The plt requested and received a radar vector to wm j. fox arpt, lancaster, CA. Shortly thereafter the eng sustained a…Sep 15, 1985 · N5788U · Substantial damageNTSB CHI85LA377Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportWippler Cassut III M · Randall, MNThe engine lost power when the pilot attempted to add power at the completion of a descent. The pilot did not use carburetor heat in the descent. The relative humidity was approximately 60%.Sep 15, 1985 · N39684 · Substantial damageNTSB SEA85FA212Accident · Serious injuriesField investigationFinal reportLuscombe 8A · Renton, WAThe inexperienced, low time student pilot reported a gradual loss of power while operating his luscobe 8A aircraft on a personal, local flight. The aircraft was equipped with a stromberg carburetor whose mixture was permanently wired full open and power was…Sep 14, 1985 · N2073K · DestroyedNTSB MIA85FA254Accident · Serious injuriesField investigationFinal reportMooney M20F · Aripeka, FLThe student plt stated that after dinner, which included a small amount of wine, he went to the arpt to clean his acft, then elected to go for a short flt. He intended to stay within 25 mi of the arpt, but found himself over lakeland. He landed at a strip to…Sep 14, 1985 · N4797N · DestroyedNTSB FTW85LA349Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRyan Navion · Midland, TXThe plt experienced eng failure during climbout from sky ranch arpt at Midland, TX. He then turned into the wind and made a forced landing in a pasture. Subsequent investigation revealed a connecting rod had broken, however, the cause of the rod failure was…Sep 14, 1985 · N91460 · Substantial damageNTSB FTW85FA346Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportPitts SPL. S-1 · Mclean, TXThe plt had landed the Pitts special on the highway due to low fuel. After the fuel service the acft took off and the plt performed low altitude acrobatics then departed making slow rolls below a low overcast. A witness observed the acft flying low over the…Sep 14, 1985 · N74LF · DestroyedNTSB ANC85LA176Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-300 · Togiak, AKAcft crashed on mountainside after wx worsened. Marginal wx had been forecast & PIREP advised plt that VFR flt was not recommended.Sep 14, 1985 · N8981N · Substantial damageNTSB ATL85MA275Accident · 6 fatalMajor investigationFinal reportSmith, Ted Aerostar Aerostar 600 · Eva, ALDrg an IFR arrival/dscnt, the plt stated he 'had to feather 1 eng, I have an oil leak & I'm just trying to dscnd . . .' He then said he was dscndg thru 5300'. As he contd the apch, he informed the controller he would be unable to go around since the hydr sys…Sep 13, 1985 · N680CC · DestroyedNTSB LAX85IA396Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportNorth American SNJ-4 · Reno, NVThe pilot experienced a 'severe vibration' and made an emergency landing during a heat race at the national championship air races. Subsequent examination revealed that a propeller blade pitch change bolt, p/n 53546, had failed, allowing one propeller blade…Sep 12, 1985 · N86WW · Minor damageNTSB DEN85FA240Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportAero Commander 680FL · Fort Collins, COThe plt was operating his acft under the rules of 14 CFR 135, I.e., a scheduled domestic cargo flt. He made a normal departure and climb en route to salt lake city, Utah. Normal communications and radar flt following was established with denver ARTCC.…Sep 12, 1985 · N45724 · DestroyedNTSB FTW85LA347Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 206L-1 · Angleton, TXThe plt had descended to very low alt (10-15 feet above ground level) during VFR weather conditions while still several miles from his destination arpt and impacted an electrical power line. He made a precautionary landing and rendered first aid to his…Sep 11, 1985 · N2022G · Substantial damageNTSB ATL85LA273Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 404 · Hayesville, NCFisherman heard an aircraft overhead but did not see any sign of it in the night sky. Shortly thereafter they saw a flash and fire on the side of a mountain, then they heard the explosion. The sheriff was called and an investigation revealed a crashed…Sep 11, 1985 · N128SP · DestroyedNTSB FTW85LA344Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportMooney M20J · Kraemer, LAAcft was descending from cruise alt when it entered a radar lvl 3 thunderstorm and control was lost during a night VFR flt. The acft impacted a swamp in a vertical attitude with the rt wing leading slightly. The lft wing was found about 10' south of the main…Sep 10, 1985 · N4793H · DestroyedNTSB SEA85FA211Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportBell 206B · Emmett, IDNewly-licensed plt departed into mountainous terrain in thunderstrom conditions despite warnings from friends. The acft wreckagewas located two days later in rising terrain below power 11 miles from pt of departure. Investigation revealed high speed vertical…Sep 9, 1985 · N14819 · DestroyedNTSB MIA85FA248Accident · Minor injuriesField investigationFinal reportAero Commander 100 · Oak Hill, FLThe plt was making his first flt in his recently purchased acft. The plt stated that both fuel tanks were full prior to take-off. Approximately 20 mins after take-off, an attempt was made to switch from the right fuel tank to the left fuel tank. Seconds…Sep 9, 1985 · N3684X · DestroyedNTSB NYC85LA259Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportVolksplane VP-1 · Sharpsville, PAThe plt experienced a loss of eng RPM during cruise flt. He applied carb heat and lowered the nose of the acft in an attempt to regain eng RPM however, the eng continued to loose speed. The eng was below 2000 RPM and dropping when the plt elected to make a…Sep 8, 1985 · N4354 · Substantial damageNTSB MKC85LA210Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150K · Bee Branch, ARThe airplane was on a local flight when the engine failed. During the forced landing, the airplane ran through a fence row of trees. Inspection revelaed that the rocker arm bosses on the number one cylinder had failed. Cylinder had been installed 50 hours…Sep 8, 1985 · N5831G · Substantial damageNTSB MKC85LA209Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150L · Morrilton, ARThe airplane was on a night flight when the engine failed. During the forced landing, the airplane struck and remained attached to high voltage powerlines. Inspection of the engine revealed number three cylinder cracked and the top compression ring on number…Sep 7, 1985 · N6999G · Substantial damageNTSB MKC85LA208Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-181 · Oxford, IAThe eng quit abruptly while the acft was cruising at 3,500 feet. The acft collided with standing corn during the night forced landing. After the acdt the fuel selector was found on the lt fuel tank, the lt tank was empty and the rt fuel tank was full. The plt…Sep 7, 1985 · N9557K · Substantial damageNTSB CHI85FA370Accident · 1 fatalField investigationFinal reportGlobe GC-1B · Romeoville, ILThe pilot was reportly departing on a xcountry flt. During climbout, in the traffic pattern, upon reaching base leg area the acft was observed to turn back towards the arpt descend and strike the ground. Witnesses reported no sound of engine was heard. The…Sep 7, 1985 · N11HN · DestroyedNTSB CHI85FA368Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA28R-200 · Ravenna, OHThe non-instrument rated pilot continued VMC into IMC. The pilot contracted youngstown ATCT for assistance. Within a few minutes radar contact was lost. Prior to ground impact portions of the aircraft separated. There was no record of a wx briefing being…Sep 6, 1985 · N55024 · DestroyedNTSB ATL85FMG08Accident · Serious injuriesFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Shuffletown, NCThe acft contacted a fence during a forced landing following a loss of pwr. The flt orginated at grand ledge, MI, at 1100 EST and an unscheduled landing was made at adrian, MI, because of wx. The flt departed adrian, MI, at 1320 EDT. The plt reported that…Sep 6, 1985 · N6102J · DestroyedNTSB MIA85LA244Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-161 · Everglades City, FLThe plt stated that while returning to venice from marathon,the acft started to lose power. He switched tanks but the problem continued. He notified fort myers apch he was having problems and when the power deteriorated to 1600 RPM, he elected to ditch the…Sep 4, 1985 · N8015X · Substantial damageNTSB MIA85LA243Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 47G-2 · Moore Haven, FLThe plt stated that while flying around his property, he slowed the helicopter up to descend and land, at aprx 40 ft altitude the eng lost power due to carburator ice buildup. He autorotated to a landing & on touchdown his right skid contacted a large boulder…Sep 4, 1985 · N8429E · Substantial damageNTSB LAX85LA380Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-161 · Julian, CAThe acft collided with rising terrain on a local flt. The pax indicated that the plt was flying below the clouds and came too close to the mtn to avoid the collision.Sep 4, 1985 · N421GS · Substantial damageNTSB MKC85LA207Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportFairchild Hiller FH-1100 · Ashland, KSThe helicopter lost power and made a hard forced landing in a backyard. There were no leaks in the fuel system but the fuel tank was found to be empty. The owner states that even though the fuel tank was found to be empty after the accident, the fuel quantity…Sep 3, 1985 · N424FH · Substantial damageNTSB FTW85IA341Incident · Minor injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportMcdonnell Douglas DC-10-10 · Abilene, TXAa DC-10 enroute el paso, TX. To dfw arprt TX. Had fire warning #3 eng. Crew performed emerg. Proc. But lite remained on. Crew made emergency landing dyess afb Abilene, TX. Pax emer evac left side of a/c. aft slide L4 deflated during evac 1 pax received minor…Sep 3, 1985 · N112AA · Minor damageNTSB DEN85LA235Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182N · Moab, UTThe plt stated after the accident that he experienced a loss of power while cruising at 8500 MSL. He was unable to restore power and executed an emergency landing in an open area covered by sage brush. During the landing roll, the acftnosed over. Examination…Sep 3, 1985 · N9229 · Substantial damageNTSB DEN85FA233Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-34-200T · Ogden, UTThe plt and his party were en route from minden, NV to casper, WY and had stopped at Ogden, UT to refuel. The plt obtained an updated wx briefing fr fss and field an IFR flt plan. After takeoff the plt was told to climb in the holding pattern to 13000 ft.…Sep 2, 1985 · N75015 · DestroyedNTSB CHI85LA365Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 177 · Glandorf, OHThe plt reported that during cruise flt the prop pitch began to vary, oil pressure dropped to zero and the eng began to overheat. A forced landing ensued during which the acft contacted a ditch. Post accident examination of the eng disclosed the #3 cylinder…Sep 2, 1985 · N30654 · Substantial damageNTSB ANC85LA168Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-18-150 · Mcgrath, AKWhile en route & about 15 mi from his destination, the plt noted that both the eng RPM & the oil pressure were decreasing. Subsequently, he made an emerg landing in an area of small trees & brush next to a swamp. An exam of the eng was made, but no mechanical…Sep 2, 1985 · N74924 · Substantial damageNTSB NYC85FA227Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 150M · Danby, VTThe pilot of N66190 received a weather briefing from lebanon flight service station and was advised of low ceilings and also advised that visual flight rules flight was not recommended. At about the time N66190 was departing rutland, Vermont, a helicopter…Sep 1, 1985 · N66190 · DestroyedNTSB MKC85LA203Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172G · Deepwater, MOThe acft was crusing at 2,000 ft, 50 min after takeoff when the eng began running rough, lost RPM, and then quit. The plt made a forced landing in a small fld and the collided with trees during the landing roll. The investigation, which included running the…Sep 1, 1985 · N3943L · Substantial damageNTSB LAX85LA378Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportStinson 108-2 · Carpinteria, CADuring a x-c pleasure flt all eng pwr was suddenly lost when the plt heard a 'loud bang.' The plt made an emergency ldg on a polo field. During ldg flare the plt stalled the acft. The resulting hard touchdown substantially damaged the acft. Exam of the acft's…Sep 1, 1985 · N9782K · Substantial damageNTSB DEN85LA234Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBalloon Works Firefly 7 · Littleton, COThe plt attempted to land his Balloon in high winds resulting a hard ldg which threw him out of the basket the Balloon then began an immediate asent until a pax pulled the vent line and the Balloon settled rapidly until it hit the grd. Injuries to passengers…Sep 1, 1985 · N2259H · No damageNTSB ATL85FA266Accident · 4 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-235-B · Rion, SCThe acft had been cruising at 10,500 ft for several min and then informed ATC that they were climbing to 12,500 ft due to VFR. Shortly there after the acft disappeared from the radar scope. Witnesses heard the engine making an unusual sound and looked up and…Sep 1, 1985 · N9340W · DestroyedNTSB LAX85LA377Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna A150K · Avalon, CAThe plt said the operation was about 4 and 1/2 hours into a commercial fish spotting flt when the engine 'began to run rough, then quit altogether.' Attempts to restart the engine were unsuccessful and the plt completed a power-off ditching at sea. He and the…Aug 31, 1985 · N8409M · DestroyedNTSB DEN85FA229Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportPiper PA-18-150 · Peyton, COThe two experienced pilots took off from high alt airstrip under high density alt conditions. Witnesses said acft entered a 60-degree left banking turn. When acft had completed 120-degrees of turn, the nose dropped. Witnesses said the acft side-slipped to the…Aug 31, 1985 · N14331 · DestroyedNTSB CHI85LA364Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportThornhill Replica TS-1 · Marengo, ILThis aircraft is powered by a rotary engine. Thrust is varied by shorting out one magneto and varying the firing order of the cylinders via an electrical cam arrangement. The mixture control is limited to only a few settings. One of which is level flight.…Aug 31, 1985 · N4463 · Substantial damage