NTSB investigations, IL
1,788 cases where the phase of flight was Landing.
Cases per year
| 1964 | 91 |
|---|---|
| 1965 | 78 |
| 1966 | 103 |
| 1967 | 120 |
| 1968 | 89 |
| 1969 | 71 |
| 1970 | 73 |
| 1971 | 63 |
| 1972 | 52 |
| 1973 | 59 |
| 1974 | 53 |
| 1975 | 47 |
| 1976 | 53 |
| 1977 | 42 |
| 1978 | 60 |
| 1979 | 44 |
| 1980 | 38 |
| 1981 | 40 |
| 1982 | 38 |
| 1983 | 40 |
| 1984 | 34 |
| 1985 | 16 |
| 1986 | 22 |
| 1987 | 22 |
| 1988 | 22 |
| 1989 | 22 |
| 1990 | 21 |
| 1991 | 13 |
| 1992 | 19 |
| 1993 | 12 |
| 1994 | 13 |
| 1995 | 8 |
| 1996 | 16 |
| 1997 | 11 |
| 1998 | 12 |
| 1999 | 15 |
| 2000 | 12 |
| 2001 | 15 |
| 2002 | 10 |
| 2003 | 22 |
| 2004 | 10 |
| 2005 | 9 |
| 2006 | 8 |
| 2007 | 9 |
| 2008 | 15 |
| 2009 | 9 |
| 2010 | 14 |
| 2011 | 18 |
| 2012 | 8 |
| 2013 | 2 |
| 2014 | 6 |
| 2015 | 10 |
| 2016 | 9 |
| 2017 | 8 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 8 |
| 2020 | 9 |
| 2021 | 4 |
| 2022 | 10 |
| 2023 | 8 |
| 2024 | 6 |
| 2025 | 7 |
| 2026 | 2 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventStateOrRegion\" = 'IL' AND c.\"eventCountry\" = 'USA'
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventStateOrRegion" = 'IL' AND c."eventCountry" = 'USA'
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB CEN26LA261Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedInvestigation openBeech 35-B33 · Alton, ILNTSB CEN26LA229Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 152 · Carbondale, ILThe flight instructor’s delayed remedial action during the student pilot’s miscalculated landing flare which resulted in a hard landing and the nose landing gear collapsing.NTSB CEN25LA365Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedPreliminary reportIsrael Aerospace Industriesltd Gulfstream G150 · Wheeling, ILOn September 3, 2025, at 1211 central daylight time, an Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Gulfstream G150, N1927G, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident at Chicago Executive Airport (PWK), Wheeling, Illinois. The pilot and copilot were…NTSB CEN25LA353Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA-28-140 · Pittsfield, ILThe collision with a deer during the aborted landing in night visual meteorological conditions.NTSB CEN25LA290Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna R182 · Lansing, ILThe pilot's failure to extend the landing gear before landing due to his distraction of other traffic and failure to follow his landing procedures.NTSB CEN25LA238Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportFlight Design Ctsw · Joliet, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the crosswind landing.NTSB CEN25LA202Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportSchweizer SGS 1-26C · Hampshire, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain a proper altitude during the approach, which resulted in overshooting the landing area, a runway excursion, and impact with terrain.NTSB DCA25LA141Occurrence · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedPreliminary reportBoeing 737-800 · Chicago, ILOn February 25, 2025, about 0848 central standard time (CST), Flexjet flight 560 (LXJ 560), a Bombardier Challenger 350 CL-35, registration N560FX and Southwest Airlines flight 2504 (SWA2504), a Boeing 737-800, registration N8517F, were involved in a runway…NTSB CEN25LA085Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA-28-235 · Mount Vernon, ILThe pilot's improper landing flare and subsequent improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a collision with terrain.NTSB DCA24LA318Incident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportEmbraer ERJ 170-100 LR · Chicago, ILThe flight crew’s misidentification of the intended landing runway, which resulted in an approach to and landing on the wrong runway due to their planned continuation bias. Contributing to the incident was the flight crew’s decision to continue the approach…NTSB CEN24LA324Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportRans RV8 · Morris, ILThe student pilot’s failure to maintain directional control and the flight instructors delayed remedial action while landing with a gusty crosswind.NTSB CEN24LA283Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportEvektor-Aerotechnik A S Harmony LSA · Cahokia Heights, ILThe student pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during landing rollout that resulted in a lateral runway excursion and impact with a runway sign.NTSB CEN24LA264Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 210 · Mount Vernon, ILThe pilot’s failure to lower the landing gear, resulting in a wheel up landing. Contributing to the accident was the intermittent warning horn which likely did not sound to warn the pilot about the misconfigured landing gear.NTSB CEN24LA261Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportAir Tractor AT602 · Decatur, ILThe pilot’s inability to maintain directional control during the landing roll due to the malfunction of the tail wheel locking mechanism.NTSB CEN24LA233Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172R · Murphysboro, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during landing.NTSB CEN24LA026Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA-44-180 · Savoy, ILThe pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear before landing and the flight instructor’s inadequate supervision to ensure that the landing gear was extended.NTSB CEN23LA403Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportIsrael Aircraft Industries 1125 Westwind Astra · Wheeling, ILA loss of braking effectiveness during landing for reasons that could not be determined, which resulted in a runway excursion.NTSB CEN23LA350Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportBell 206 · Carthage, ILA collision with a fence during landing due to the crew’s reduced distance estimation and depth perception while using night vision goggles. Contributing to the accident was the low moon angle, which made viewing the fence more challenging.NTSB CEN23LA288Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportAirborne XT 582 · Oregon, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain directional control after a bounced landing.NTSB CEN23LA256Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172R · Romeoville, ILThe student pilot’s failure to attain/maintain a proper landing flare and failure to perform a go-around that resulted in an impact with the runway.NTSB CEN23LA150Accident · Minor injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportHelicopteres Guimbal Cabri G2 · Cahokia, ILThe lack of proper attachment of the cyclic control that resulted in a loss of control during a landing approach and impact with terrain. Contributing to the accident was the improper maintenance performed.NTSB CEN23LA111Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172K · Moline, ILThe student pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll in gusting crosswind conditions.NTSB CEN23LA115Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportPiper PA-34-200T · Cahokia, ILThe pilot’s failure to extent the landing gear before landing.NTSB WPR23LA033Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportRaytheon A36 · Freeport, ILThe pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear.NTSB CEN23LA002Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportChampion 7KCAB · Danville, ILThe pilot decision to perform a precautionary landing to a field with obstacles which resulted in a ground loop. Contributing was the pilot’s inadequate fuel planning.NTSB CEN22LA370Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportBurkhart Grob Flugzeugbau G102 Club Astir Iiib · Highland, ILThe glider’s encounter with atmospheric conditions where the lift was not sufficient to maintain flight.NTSB CEN22LA379Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 182E · Joliet, ILThe pilot’s inadequate landing flare, which resulted in a hard, bounced landing.NTSB CEN22LA328Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportEurocopter Deutschland EC 135 · Mount Vernon, ILThe inadequate securement of the cloth fire extinguisher cover, which resulted in it being blown off the fire extinguisher and ingested into the helicopter’s fenestron during the landing.NTSB CEN22LA329Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172M · Saint Joseph, ILThe pilot’s failure to remain clear of obstacles while landing.NTSB CEN22LA326Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportHelicopteres Guimbal Cabri G2 · Madison, ILLoss of tail rotor effectiveness resulting in an in-flight loss of control.NTSB CEN22LA282Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172N · Jacksonville, ILThe pilot’s failure to attain proper flare during landing, resulting in a bounced landing.NTSB CEN22LA143Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportSocata TBM 700 · Taylorville, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll in gusting wind conditions.NTSB CEN22LA136Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172P · Pinckneyville, ILThe airplane’s collision with a deer on the runway during landing.NTSB CEN22LA043Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportCessna 172P · Wheeling, ILThe student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing was the student pilot’s self-induced pressure to land after being admonished by the controller.NTSB CEN22LA020Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportHall Terrence / Hall Cathie Cruzer CH-750 · Benton, ILThe pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and the nose landing gear collapsing.NTSB CEN21LA332Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportMadera RV-3 · Jacksonville, ILThe pilot’s improper flare during landing which resulted in an attempted go-around, loss of control, and aerodynamic stall.NTSB CEN21LA189Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportBeech P35 · Poplar Grove, ILThe pilot's distraction and his failure to maintain a proper glidepath on the approach, which resulted in him landing short of the runway and impacting a snowbank.NTSB DCA21LA011Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportLearjet 60 · Wheeling, ILThe flight crew's misidentification of the landing runway, which resulted in a runway overrun and the airplane’s impact with the airport perimeter fence.NTSB CEN20LA427Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · LimitedFinal reportSchleicher ASK21 · Hinckley, ILThe pilot’s improper control input during a bounced landing that resulted in the glider impacting terrain.NTSB CEN20CA405Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportPiper PA28 · Huntley, ILThe pilot’s decision to land at night without runway lighting, which resulted in a collision with an object.NTSB CEN20CA333Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportCub Crafters Carbon CUB EX · Marion, ILThe pilot's failure to attain/maintain directional control during landing that resulted in a ground-loop and collision with terrain.NTSB CEN20CA313Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportRobinson R44 · Dakota, ILThe pilot’s failure to maintain main rotor clearance from a ground obstacle during a landing.NTSB CEN20CA308Accident · Serious injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportMaule MXT7 · Hillsboro, ILThe pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack while attempting to avoid a deer during landing, resulting in an aerodynamic stall.NTSB CEN20CA302Accident · Minor injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportPiper PA28 · Grayslake, ILThe pilot’s application of the left brake during landing resulting in a runway excursion.NTSB CEN20CA192Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportChampion 7GCBC · Carbondale, ILThe pilot's excessive brake input while he attempted to maintain directional control during landing roll.NTSB CEN20CA182Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal reportCessna 120 · Chatham, ILThe pilot's decision to continue flight in instrument meteorological conditions in an airplane not equipped for instrument flight, which forced her to perform a precautionary landing to a muddy field resulting in the airplane nosing over.NTSB DCA20LA013Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportEmbraer EMB145 · Chicago, ILThe flight crew’s inability to maintain the airplane on the runway centerline after touchdown due to the reduced braking action resulting from the deteriorating weather conditions, which caused the airplane’s departure from the runway surface. Contributing to…NTSB GAA19CA558Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportCessna 172 · Chicago, ILThe pilot's improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard, porpoised landing.NTSB CEN19LA251Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal reportRyan Navion · Chicago, ILThe failure of the left main landing gear upper side brace assembly during landing due to reverse bending fatigue as a result of the incomplete penetration of the circumferential weld during initial production of the component.NTSB GAA19CA298Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal reportPiper PA18 · Sparta, ILThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll, which resulted in a ground-loop.