NTSB investigations, 1994
516 cases where the phase of flight was Landing.
Cases per year
| 1962 | 22 |
|---|---|
| 1963 | 19 |
| 1964 | 2,152 |
| 1965 | 2,293 |
| 1966 | 2,496 |
| 1967 | 2,731 |
| 1968 | 1,964 |
| 1969 | 1,749 |
| 1970 | 1,680 |
| 1971 | 1,626 |
| 1972 | 1,480 |
| 1973 | 1,368 |
| 1974 | 1,387 |
| 1975 | 1,285 |
| 1976 | 1,307 |
| 1977 | 1,222 |
| 1978 | 1,325 |
| 1979 | 1,135 |
| 1980 | 1,123 |
| 1981 | 1,048 |
| 1982 | 939 |
| 1983 | 885 |
| 1984 | 853 |
| 1985 | 739 |
| 1986 | 661 |
| 1987 | 699 |
| 1988 | 605 |
| 1989 | 584 |
| 1990 | 556 |
| 1991 | 503 |
| 1992 | 534 |
| 1993 | 524 |
| 1994 | 516 |
| 1995 | 481 |
| 1996 | 529 |
| 1997 | 508 |
| 1998 | 545 |
| 1999 | 563 |
| 2000 | 517 |
| 2001 | 497 |
| 2002 | 516 |
| 2003 | 515 |
| 2004 | 522 |
| 2005 | 543 |
| 2006 | 470 |
| 2007 | 536 |
| 2008 | 538 |
| 2009 | 474 |
| 2010 | 512 |
| 2011 | 519 |
| 2012 | 500 |
| 2013 | 420 |
| 2014 | 412 |
| 2015 | 422 |
| 2016 | 527 |
| 2017 | 490 |
| 2018 | 518 |
| 2019 | 463 |
| 2020 | 420 |
| 2021 | 455 |
| 2022 | 494 |
| 2023 | 477 |
| 2024 | 477 |
| 2025 | 451 |
| 2026 | 381 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c.\"eventDate\") = 1994
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1994
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB ANC95LA031Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182M · New Stuyahok, AKA failure of the pilot to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. A factor in the accident was an icy runway surface.NTSB LAX95LA066Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 207 · Fort Huachuca, AZThe failure of the radar and tower controllers to ensure that the pilot was aware of the runway status. Factors related to the accident were the downwind no-flap landing and the sunglare.NTSB FTW95LA076Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172N · Albuquerque, NMThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control during a touch-and-go landing.NTSB CHI95LA063Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportHoover Bushby MM1 · Chesterfield, MOthe pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. A factor in the accident was the pilot's lack of recent total experience.NTSB SEA95LA032Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPitts S-2B · Afton, WYThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control, and his inadequate remedial action. Factors include snow covered terrain at the edge of the runway.NTSB BFO95LA024Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Stevensville, MDSeparation of the steering linkages on the nosegear which resulted in the pilot being unable to maintain directional control during landing and subsequent on ground collision with a ditch.NTSB MIA95LA050Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 95-C55 · Arcadia, FLPoor in flight planning/decision by the pilot for electing to land with fog on the airstrip. Contributing to the accident was failure of the pilot to obtain a formal preflight weather briefing and his failure to fully apply the brakes (normal) after landing.…NTSB ANC95LA022Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 140 · Tok, AKThe pilot's attempt to fly into known adverse weather. A factor related to the accident was the icing conditions.NTSB LAX95LA059Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 185A · Long Beach, CAthe pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft both during the landing and the attempted rejected landing maneuver.NTSB LAX95LA057Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150F · Carlsbad, CAthe pilot's misjudged landing flare which resulted in a stall and a subsequent impact with the runway.NTSB CHI95LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172 · Allegan, MIthe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control which resulted in the inability to obtain proper runway alignment. Related factors are the student pilot's lack of total flight experience and the snowbank.NTSB NYC95LA044Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-181 · Gr. Barrington, MAThe pilot landed with excessive airspeed which resulted in a long landing, runway overrun, and collision with trees.NTSB LAX95LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportLuscombe 8E · Hemet, CAThe other aircraft pilot's inadequate bounced landing recovery and his failure to maintain directional control.NTSB NYC95IA043Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportBoeing 747-131 · Jamaica, NYImproper maintenance overhaul which resulted in a fatigue crack.NTSB SEA95LA030Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMaule MX-7-235 · Heber City, UTAn open connection clip. A factor to the accident was a locked tail wheel assembly.NTSB CHI95LA059Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAmerican Champion Citabria 7-GCBC · Ulysses, KSthe pilots improper use of brakes during practice landings, and his lack of total experience in tail wheel equipped airplanes.NTSB LAX95LA073Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 421C · Chinle, AZthe overload failure of the nose gear trunion for undetermined reasons.NTSB ATL95LA028Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 402B · Hickory, NCThe pilot's failure to attain a proper touchdown point during the transition to landing, which resulted in a long landing and overrun. Factors were the low ceilings and fog which prevailed at the time of the accident.NTSB ANC95LA018Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-18 · Palmer, AKThe pilot's misjudged landing flare.NTSB FTW95LA063Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Oklahoma City, OKThe pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors were the improper flare and the resultant loss of directional control.NTSB CHI95LA057Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMooney M20J · Scott City, KSthe pilot's failure to attain compensation for wind conditions. A factor was the crosswind condition.NTSB FTW95LA062Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172B · Seguin, TXThe pilot's failure to attain proper touchdown point.NTSB FTW95LA060Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportHoward DGA-15P · Las Cruces, NMThe inadequate maintenance by unknown maintenance personnel. A factor was the collapsed landing gear.NTSB NYC95LA038Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172J · Batavia, OHFailure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane during the landing flare/toughdown. Factors related to the accident were: the crosswind and proximity of the ditch to the runway.NTSB SEA95LA022Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportHiller UH-12C · Twisp, WAAn unexplained loss of power and the student pilot's delayed application of collective during the landing flare.NTSB FTW95LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBoeing 757-24APF · Tulsa, OKThe pilot's failure to maintain vref during approach and his improper flare touchdown that resulted in an excessive pitch up attitude following touchdown.NTSB LAX95LA039Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRobinson R-22B · Honolulu, HIthe student pilot's improper use of the collective and throttle controls and his failure to maintain adequate main rotor rpm during a practice autorotation.NTSB CHI95LA043Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-44 · Thief Rvr Falls, MNthe flight instructor's delayed remedial action during a simulated forced landing. A factor in the accident is the student pilot's improper landing flare.NTSB BFO95LA016Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150M · Manville, NJthe certificated flight instructor's failure to maintain adequate supervision of the student pilot and ensure control of the airplane during the landing flare/touchdown. The student pilot's lack of total experience and improper aircraft handling were related…NTSB BFO95LA015Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportSchweizer SGS 2-33A · Hilltown, PAImproper in-flight planning decision by the pilot, which resulted in insufficient altitude to maintain clearance from trees.NTSB ANC95LA011Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 185F · Anchorage, AKThe pilot's selection of unsuitable terrain for landing. The pilot's disregard of a NOTAM that closed the runway and a slush covered runway area were factors in the accident.NTSB ANC95LA013Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 207 · Akiachak, AKThe pilot's inadequate compensation for crosswind. Crosswind conditions and an icy runway surface were factors in the accident.NTSB ATL95LA015Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-601P · Luray, SCThe pilot's improper landing flare which resulted in a hard landing.NTSB FTW95LA043Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 206E · San Benito, TXThe pilot's improper attempt to make an off airport landing at night and the inadvertent ground loop. A factor was the dark night light condition.NTSB NYC95LA025Accident · 1 fatalLimited investigationFinal reportLee Pazmany PL-4A · Orange, MAThe pilot's improper flare which resulted in a hard landing, collapse of the main gear, and inflight collision with the ground.NTSB ANC95LA010Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172 · Bethel, AKThe pilot's inadequate compensation for crosswind conditions. A crosswind and icy runway conditions were factors in the accident.NTSB CHI95LA039Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Rochelle, ILthe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll. A factor in the accident was the student pilot's improper use of the brakes.NTSB NYC95LA022Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150L · Dawson Springs, KYThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate obstacle clearance. Other related factors are night conditions and the pilot's improper inflight planning/decision.NTSB CHI95LA033Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · Tomahawk, WIthe collision with deer during landing - flare/touchdown.NTSB FTW95LA046Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportRaven S100A · Las Vegas, NMThe pilot's improper in-flight planning/decision. A factor related to the accident was: the high wind condition.NTSB MIA95LA030Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 310L · Miami, FLFailure of the landing gear extension and retraction system for an undetermined reason.NTSB ANC95FA008Accident · No injuriesField investigationFinal reportMcdonnell Douglas MD-11/F · Anchorage, AKThe flight crew's improper recovery from a bounced landing. Factors associated with the accident are the first officer's lack of familiarity with the airplane, his failure to stabilize the approach, and the captain's delayed remedial action.NTSB SEA95LA019Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech A23 · La Grande, ORThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors include the soft, wet airstrip, and a ditch near the side of the runway.NTSB ATL95LA011Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 185 · Elizabethton, TNThe flexing of the rudder pedal control locking assembly which resulted in the collapse of the co-pilot's left pedal during heavy braking.NTSB SEA95LA014Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 205A · Lowell, IDThe pilot in command's long and fast landing. A factor was the wet runway surface condition.NTSB MIA95LA016Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 402C · Fort Lauderdale, FLThe failure of the left main landing gear upper barrel and trunion assembly due to overstress separations, resulting in the collapse of the left main landing gear on landing rollout.NTSB BFO95LA009Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150D · Paducah, KYThe student pilot's failure to maintain proper alignment and the certified flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight.NTSB NYC95LA026Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBalloon Works Firefly 7 · Nashua, NHThe pilot's improper touchdown which resulted in a rollover.NTSB LAX95LA028Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportChampion 7ECA · Mariposa, CAthe unqualified student pilot's improper use of the brakes and his failure to maintain directional control of the aircraft. The pilot's lack of total experience is a factor in this accident.NTSB FTW95LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172P · Colorado Spgs, COThe pilot's improper landing flare, the resultant porpoise and an inadequate recovery from the bounced landing.