NTSB investigations, 1998
545 cases where the phase of flight was Landing.
Cases per year
| 1962 | 22 |
|---|---|
| 1963 | 19 |
| 1964 | 2,152 |
| 1965 | 2,293 |
| 1966 | 2,496 |
| 1967 | 2,731 |
| 1968 | 1,964 |
| 1969 | 1,749 |
| 1970 | 1,680 |
| 1971 | 1,626 |
| 1972 | 1,480 |
| 1973 | 1,368 |
| 1974 | 1,387 |
| 1975 | 1,285 |
| 1976 | 1,307 |
| 1977 | 1,222 |
| 1978 | 1,325 |
| 1979 | 1,135 |
| 1980 | 1,123 |
| 1981 | 1,048 |
| 1982 | 939 |
| 1983 | 885 |
| 1984 | 853 |
| 1985 | 739 |
| 1986 | 661 |
| 1987 | 699 |
| 1988 | 605 |
| 1989 | 584 |
| 1990 | 556 |
| 1991 | 503 |
| 1992 | 534 |
| 1993 | 524 |
| 1994 | 516 |
| 1995 | 481 |
| 1996 | 529 |
| 1997 | 508 |
| 1998 | 545 |
| 1999 | 563 |
| 2000 | 517 |
| 2001 | 497 |
| 2002 | 516 |
| 2003 | 515 |
| 2004 | 522 |
| 2005 | 543 |
| 2006 | 470 |
| 2007 | 536 |
| 2008 | 538 |
| 2009 | 474 |
| 2010 | 512 |
| 2011 | 519 |
| 2012 | 500 |
| 2013 | 420 |
| 2014 | 412 |
| 2015 | 422 |
| 2016 | 527 |
| 2017 | 490 |
| 2018 | 518 |
| 2019 | 463 |
| 2020 | 420 |
| 2021 | 455 |
| 2022 | 494 |
| 2023 | 477 |
| 2024 | 477 |
| 2025 | 451 |
| 2026 | 371 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c.\"eventDate\") = 1998
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1998
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB CHI99LA068Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna P210N · Eau Clare, WIthe delayed gear extension by the pilot. Contributing factors were the checklist not used by the pilot, the inoperative gear warning, and the maintenance replacement of the throttle control/gear warning interconnect cable not performed by company/operator…NTSB ATL99LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBell 47G-3B-2 · Murfreesboro, TNThe pilot's inadequate flare and his diverted attention, which resulted in a hard landing.NTSB LAX99LA060Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAegerter, Simon Velocity 173E-RG · San Diego, CAThe pilot's inadequate modification to the control systems, which resulted in a restricted elevator control.NTSB SEA99LA029Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 200 · Weiser, IDAirport snow removal was not properly performed. A snowbank was a factor.NTSB CHI99LA054Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Urbana, ILthe student pilot not maintaining the proper descent rate on final approach, and the certified flight instructor's delayed remedial action.NTSB SEA99LA024Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 120 · Omak, WAThe pilot-in-command's failure to maintain directional control. Contributing factors were the snow covered runway and a snowbank (berm) at the runway's edge.NTSB CHI99LA060Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Appleton, WIThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A related factor was the crosswind.NTSB SEA99LA023Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-34-200 · Bellingham, WAA hard landing due to the pilot's failure to maintain a proper descent rate. Factors include gusts and turbulence.NTSB MIA99LA049Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 170 · Lawrenceville, GAThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control.NTSB LAX99LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-180 · Big Bear, CAThe pilot's misjudged landing flare, which lead to an inadvertent stall/mush 10 feet above the ground.NTSB CHI99LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAerospatiale ATR-42-300 · Traverse City, MIThe crew's failure to execute a missed approach and the flying pilot's (captain) failure to maintain directional control upon touchdown with a seven degree left bank and a right quartering tailwind. Factor's were the snow covered runway/landing area and the…NTSB SEA99LA021Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportElliott RAF 2000 · Walla Walla, WAThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control after landing.NTSB FTW99LA053Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportDennis Pointer KR-2 · Denton, TXThe pilot's loss of control as result of his improper recovery from a bounced landing.NTSB FTW99FA049Accident · 2 fatalField investigationFinal reportCessna 150H · Marksville, LAThe pilot's failure to visually identify the hazardous condition of the runway. Factors were the dusk light condition and the pilot's failure to obtain NOTAMs.NTSB DEN99LA025Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182RG · Glenwood Spring, COThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control. A contributing factor is his inadequate recovery from a bounced landing.NTSB MIA99LA062Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech C-45G · Charlotte AmaliThe inadequate flare by the pilot-in-command resulting in a hard landing on the nose landing gear causing it to collapse.NTSB LAX99LA046Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Tucson, AZFailure of the instructor pilot to maintain directional control and properly supervise the landing. A contributing factor was the unavailability of brakes on the instructor's side (the right side) of the airplane.NTSB ATL99LA032Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 310C · Ft Myers, FLThe inadequate preflight inspection of the airplane by the pilot and subsequent malfunction of the nose gear strut, and the pilot's failure to follow the landing checklist.NTSB NYC99LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 36 · Mathews, VAThe pilot's decision to land with less than full-down flaps. Contributing factors were the wet landing surface and the tree.NTSB NYC99LA034Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportUnivair 7GC-AA · Garner, VAA jammed right wheel for undetermined reasons.NTSB CHI99LA049Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · East Troy, WIthe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors associated with the accident were the crosswind, and the ditch.NTSB FTW99LA043Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 180 · Springdale, ARThe pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing resulting in a ground loop. A factor was the pilot's improper landing flare.NTSB MIA99LA040Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBellanca 17-30 · Star, NCThe failure of the pilot to use proper short-field landing procedure, resulting in an extended flare and touchdown by the nose wheel and right main wheel simultaneously, and the subsequent loss of directional control and collision with trees.NTSB FTW99LA040Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Fort Worth, TXThe student pilot's loss of directional control due to improper use of the rudder. A factor was the hilly terrain beyond the departure end of the runway.NTSB DCA99IA023Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportBoeing 757 · Washington, DCUndetermined.NTSB NYC99LA030Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportKing Kitfox IV · Gasport, NYA collision with a deer while landing.NTSB LAX99LA045Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMaule M-5-235C · Inyokern, CAThe failure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft while landing.NTSB IAD99LA022Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPitts S-2B · Easton, MDThe failure of both the pilot-in-command (CFI) and dual student of the other aircraft (Pitts) to maintain adequate visual lookout.NTSB FTW99LA045Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportLockheed L-1329 · Austin, TXThe steering actuator fatigue failure resulting from inadequate procedure documentation for the manufacturing process.NTSB FTW99LA037Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBellanca 7GCBC · Stuttgart, ARThe separation of the left main landing gear bolt.NTSB CHI99LA043Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-140 · East St. Louis, ILThe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control.NTSB CHI99LA040Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172P · Brainerd, MNThe visual lookout not obtained/maintained by the pilot of the other aircraft. Contributing factors were the unicom frequency not selected and the traffic advisory not issued by the pilot of the other aircraft. An additional factor was the aircraft moving on…NTSB MIA99LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172C · Tallahassee, FLan on ground collision with a horse.NTSB CHI99LA041Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-R200 · Eden Prairie, MNthe pilot misjudged the flare and did not maintain directional control during touchdown. A factor was the VASI lights.NTSB CHI99LA039Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172N · Evansville, INThe pilot's improper flare and improper recovery from a bounced landing.NTSB LAX99LA041Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBoeing A75N1 · Vacaville, CAThe pilot's inadequate compensation for the existing variable wind conditions and his failure to maintain directional control.NTSB CHI99LA035Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · Alliance, NEWas the late flare and stall by the student pilot and improper remedial actions by the student pilot.NTSB CHI99LA033Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBrantly Helicopter B2B · Salem, ILThe simulated emergency procedure by the pilot-in-command. Additional causes were the directional control not obtained/maintained by the pilot-in-command and the inadequate supervision by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector. A contributing…NTSB FTW99LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172P · Fayetteville, ARThe pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind conditions resulting in a loss of directional control. A factor was the shifting and gusty wind conditions.NTSB DEN99LA021Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportChampion 7GCAA · Aurora, COThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control. Factors were the gusty crosswind and terrain.NTSB LAX99LA042Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMartin Stoddard Hamilton II · Georgetown, CAThe pilot's improper flare. Also causal was the flight instructor's inadequate supervision.NTSB MIA99LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182C · St. Petersburg, FLthe pilot misjudged the flare, resulting in a hard land and subsequent damage to the airplane.NTSB LAX99LA037Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-30B · Camarillo, CAThe pilot's failure to maintain aircraft control and the flight instructor's inadequate supervision.NTSB CHI99LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150M · Tower, MNthe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane after landing. Factors contributing to this accident were the icy runway and the snowbank.NTSB ATL99FA021Accident · No injuriesField investigationFinal reportBeech BE-55B · Hampton, GAThe pilot's failure to use the landing checklist that resulted in the wheels-up landing.NTSB IAD99LA016Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Caldwell, NJthe student's pilot's inadequate climb and his failure to maintain adequate altitude and clearance. A related factor was the wind gusts.NTSB ATL99LA018Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182Q · Hickory, NCThe pilot's failure to properly recover from a bounced landing.NTSB CHI99LA030Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172C · Falls City, NEthe flight instructor (on the ground)'s conducting inadequate initial training of the student pilot. Factors were the student pilot's misjudging the flare and his lack of total experience in the type of operation.NTSB CHI99LA028Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172I · Jacksonville, ILthe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Factors associated with the accident were the student's lack of experience and the road which the airplane contacted.NTSB SEA99LA014Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMcDonnell Douglas MD-11 · Portland, ORThe flight crew's entry of an incorrect weight figure in the Flight Management System (FMS) computer, resulting in the approach being flown at an improper (low) Vref speed and an excessively nose-high attitude through the landing flare.