NTSB investigations, 1989
584 cases where the phase of flight was Landing.
Cases per year
| 1962 | 22 |
|---|---|
| 1963 | 19 |
| 1964 | 2,152 |
| 1965 | 2,293 |
| 1966 | 2,496 |
| 1967 | 2,731 |
| 1968 | 1,964 |
| 1969 | 1,749 |
| 1970 | 1,680 |
| 1971 | 1,626 |
| 1972 | 1,480 |
| 1973 | 1,368 |
| 1974 | 1,387 |
| 1975 | 1,285 |
| 1976 | 1,307 |
| 1977 | 1,222 |
| 1978 | 1,325 |
| 1979 | 1,135 |
| 1980 | 1,123 |
| 1981 | 1,048 |
| 1982 | 939 |
| 1983 | 885 |
| 1984 | 853 |
| 1985 | 739 |
| 1986 | 661 |
| 1987 | 699 |
| 1988 | 605 |
| 1989 | 584 |
| 1990 | 556 |
| 1991 | 503 |
| 1992 | 534 |
| 1993 | 524 |
| 1994 | 516 |
| 1995 | 481 |
| 1996 | 529 |
| 1997 | 508 |
| 1998 | 545 |
| 1999 | 563 |
| 2000 | 517 |
| 2001 | 497 |
| 2002 | 516 |
| 2003 | 515 |
| 2004 | 522 |
| 2005 | 543 |
| 2006 | 470 |
| 2007 | 536 |
| 2008 | 538 |
| 2009 | 474 |
| 2010 | 512 |
| 2011 | 519 |
| 2012 | 500 |
| 2013 | 420 |
| 2014 | 412 |
| 2015 | 422 |
| 2016 | 527 |
| 2017 | 490 |
| 2018 | 518 |
| 2019 | 463 |
| 2020 | 420 |
| 2021 | 455 |
| 2022 | 494 |
| 2023 | 477 |
| 2024 | 477 |
| 2025 | 451 |
| 2026 | 381 |
Where
Latest cases
Query with SQL
duckdb -csv -c "WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e.\"tier1Number\" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e.\"isDefiningEvent\", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e.\"tier1Number\" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e.\"isDefiningEvent\" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT \"mKey\" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE \"isPre1982\"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o.\"phaseOfFlightCode\"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o.\"occurrenceNumber\" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c.\"eventDate\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c.\"mKey\" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c.\"eventDate\" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c.\"ntsbNumber\", c.\"eventDate\", c.\"eventType\", c.\"eventCity\", c.\"eventStateOrRegion\", a.n_number, a.\"aircraftMake\", a.\"aircraftModel\", c.\"highestInjuryLevel\", c.\"totalFatal\", c.\"completionStatus\", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c.\"mKey\" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c.\"eventDate\") = 1989
AND c.\"mKey\" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c.\"eventDate\" DESC, c.\"ntsbNumber\" DESC"Prints the whole list as CSV. It reads the release’s Parquet files over HTTPS, so there’s nothing to download first. Install DuckDB to run it.
WITH phase_names(main, name) AS (VALUES (100, 'Prior to flight'), (150, 'Standing'), (200, 'Pushback/towing'), (250, 'Taxi'), (300, 'Takeoff'), (350, 'Initial climb'), (400, 'Enroute'), (450, 'Maneuvering'), (500, 'Approach'), (550, 'Landing'), (600, 'Emergency descent'), (650, 'Uncontrolled descent'), (700, 'Post-impact'), (750, 'After landing'), (800, 'Other'), (990, 'Unknown')),
crosswalk(code, main, name) AS (VALUES (500, 150, 'Standing'), (501, 150, 'Standing - pre-flight'), (502, 150, 'Standing - starting engine(s)'), (503, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) operating'), (504, 150, 'Standing - engine(s) not operating'), (505, 150, 'Standing - idling rotors'), (510, 250, 'Taxi'), (511, 200, 'Taxi - pushback/tow'), (512, 250, 'Taxi - to takeoff'), (513, 250, 'Taxi - from landing'), (514, 250, 'Taxi - aerial'), (520, 300, 'Takeoff'), (521, 300, 'Takeoff - roll/run'), (522, 350, 'Takeoff - initial climb'), (523, 300, 'Takeoff - aborted'), (530, 400, 'Climb'), (531, 400, 'Climb - to cruise'), (540, 400, 'Cruise'), (541, 400, 'Cruise - normal'), (542, 400, 'Maneuvering - holding (IFR)'), (550, 400, 'Descent'), (551, 400, 'Descent - normal'), (552, 600, 'Descent - emergency'), (553, 650, 'Descent - uncontrolled'), (560, 500, 'Approach'), (561, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - downwind'), (562, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base turn'), (563, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - base leg/base to final'), (564, 500, 'Approach - VFR pattern - final approach'), (565, 500, 'Go-around (VFR)'), (566, 500, 'Approach - IAF to FAF/outer marker (IFR)'), (567, 500, 'Approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR)'), (568, 500, 'Circling (IFR)'), (569, 500, 'Missed approach (IFR)'), (570, 550, 'Landing'), (571, 550, 'Landing - flare/touchdown'), (572, 550, 'Landing - roll'), (573, 550, 'Landing - aborted'), (574, 550, 'Emergency landing'), (575, 550, 'Emergency landing after takeoff'), (576, 600, 'Emergency descent/landing'), (580, 450, 'Maneuvering'), (581, 450, 'Maneuvering - aerial application'), (582, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to reverse direction'), (583, 450, 'Maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)'), (590, 450, 'Hover'), (591, 450, 'Hover - in ground effect'), (592, 450, 'Hover - out of ground effect'), (600, 800, 'Other'), (610, 990, 'Unknown')),
current_codes AS (
SELECT e.case_mkey, TRY_CAST(e."tier1Number" AS INTEGER) AS code,
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY e.case_mkey ORDER BY coalesce(e."isDefiningEvent", false) DESC, e.position) AS n
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_events.parquet' e
WHERE e.aircrafts_position = 1 AND e."tier1Number" GLOB '[1-9][0-9]*'
AND (e."isDefiningEvent" OR e.case_mkey IN (SELECT "mKey" FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' WHERE "isPre1982"))
),
phases AS (
SELECT case_mkey, 'current' AS scheme, code, CASE WHEN code >= 990 THEN 990 ELSE code // 50 * 50 END AS main
FROM current_codes WHERE n = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT o.case_mkey, 'older', o."phaseOfFlightCode", w.main
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_occurrences.parquet' o JOIN crosswalk w ON w.code = o."phaseOfFlightCode"
WHERE o.aircrafts_position = 1 AND o."occurrenceNumber" = 1 AND o.case_mkey NOT IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM current_codes)
),
case_phases AS (
SELECT p.*, c."eventDate", c."highestInjuryLevel" = 'Fatal' AS fatal, a.aircraft_model_code
FROM phases p JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c ON c."mKey" = p.case_mkey
LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = p.case_mkey AND a.position = 1
WHERE c."eventDate" >= DATE '1962-01-01' AND p.main IN (SELECT main FROM phase_names)
)
SELECT c."ntsbNumber", c."eventDate", c."eventType", c."eventCity", c."eventStateOrRegion", a.n_number, a."aircraftMake", a."aircraftModel", c."highestInjuryLevel", c."totalFatal", c."completionStatus", c.report_url
FROM 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_case_detail.parquet' c LEFT JOIN 'https://openairdocs.org/data/latest/ntsb_aircrafts.parquet' a ON a.case_mkey = c."mKey" AND a.position = 1
WHERE year(c."eventDate") = 1989
AND c."mKey" IN (SELECT case_mkey FROM case_phases WHERE main = 550)
ORDER BY c."eventDate" DESC, c."ntsbNumber" DESCRun it at the DuckDB prompt, or in any tool that reads Parquet over HTTPS. More ways to query the release are on Use the data.
NTSB ANC90LA023Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportChampion 7ECA · Tanana, AKFailure of the right main gear axle bolt.NTSB MIA90LA045Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-34-200 · Sarasota, FLExcessive airspeed for landing and improper flare by the pilot, which resulted in an inadvertent porpoise; and the pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing, which resulted in a hard landing. A related factor was the crosswind condition.NTSB FTW90DRD01Accident · No injuriesFinal reportLong E-Z-E Long E-Z-E- · Hammond, LAInadequate aircraft handling and recovery from a bounced landing. Factors were gusty wind conditions, the pilot's failure to maintain directional control, and the pilot's lack of familiarity with the airplane.NTSB DEN90LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172N · Broomfield, COFailure of the pilot to maintain directional control, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. The snowbank was a related factor.NTSB CHI90LA058Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportAeronca 11AC · Chillicothe, OHImproper planning/decision by the student pilot, which resulted in a landing on a slick runway, and his failure to maintain directional control during the landing, which resulted in his inability to maintain runway alignment. Contributing factors were: the…NTSB BFO90LA018Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech BE-24 · Martinsville, VAThe pilot failed to maintain adequate airspeed, causing the aircraft to stall and land hard.NTSB DEN90LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172P · Billings, MTThe failure of the pilot to maintain directional control during adverse wind conditions.NTSB ATL90LA039Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech B19 · Muscle Shoals, ALThe premature flare initiated by the student pilot and the flight instructor's delay in taking remedial action, which led to an inadvertent stall and a hard landing.NTSB LAX90LA056Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-300 · Big Bear, CAThe pilot's improper level-off and improper recovery from a bounced landing.NTSB LAX90LA055Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBoeing 757-223 · Santa Ana, CAThe copilot's overrotation of the aircraft during the flare which allowed the tail to collide with the runway. The failure of the captain to take appropriate corrective action was a factor in the accident.NTSB LAX90LA052Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-12 · Placerville, CAThe student pilot's failure to maintain directional control.NTSB CHI90IA044Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportMcdonnell Douglas DC-9-31 · Chicago, ILInadequate snow removal by airport personnel.NTSB CHI90LA069Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-161 · West Chicago, ILFailure of the solo student pilot to maintain directional control of the aircraft, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. Factors related to the accident were: the crosswind, the student pilot's lack of total inexperience, and the runway lights.NTSB CHI90LA041Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172N II · Middleton, WIThe pilot's improper use of flaps to provide lift on short final approach instead of applying power and the failure to maintain aircraft control.NTSB CHI90LA042Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech V35 · Cable, WIThe pilot's failure to adequately compensate for crosswind conditions. Contributing to the accident was the gusty, crosswind conditions which existed.NTSB ANC90LA016Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 180 · Alexander Lake, AKSelection of unsuitable terrain by the pilot. The snow covered terrain was a related factor.NTSB LAX90LA047Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182E · Avalon, CAFailure of the pilot to attain the proper touchdown point for landing, and his failure to go around when he had too much speed and insufficient distance to stop on the runway. A factor related to the accident was: the uneven terrain beyond the departure end…NTSB FTW90LA039Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · Stephenville, TXThe pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during a go-around which resulted in a stall.NTSB MIA90LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Zephyrhills, FLThe student pilot not obtaining the current wind information which resulted in selecting the wrong runway for landing; improper recovery from a bounced landing. Contributing factor(s) was: the student pilot's lack of experience and the tailwind conditions.NTSB LAX90LA044Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportStinson 108-2 · Rialto, CAThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing. Contributing factors were the gusty crosswind conditions.NTSB NYC90LA031Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28R-200 · Simsbury, CTThe pilot's misjudgement of airspeed and distance during landing resulting in an overshoot and swerve off the runway. The dusk light conditions, snow, and frozen terrain were contributing factors to the accident.NTSB LAX90LA043Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 140 · Concord, CAImproper use of the brakes by the pilot. The crosswind and the pilot's failure to maintain runway alignment were contributing factors.NTSB MKC90LA037Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportSaint Louis YPT-15 · Creve Coeur, MOThe pilot's failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Contribuiting to the accident was the sun glare.NTSB ATL90LA036Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 550 · Covington, KYFailure of the pilot-in-command (PIC) to extend the landing gear and inadequate monitoring by the check pilot, which resulted in a wheels-up landing.NTSB SEA90LA024Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna A-185-F · Seattle, WAThe pilot did not maintain directional control of the airplane during the landing roll.NTSB ATL90IA033Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal reportBoeing 727-225 · Atlanta, GAInadequate maintenance and inspection by the operator.NTSB MIA90LA032Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Cocoa, FLFailure of the pilot to maintain directional control during the landing roll, which resulted in an inadvertent ground swerve. Factors related to the accident were the crosswind condition and ditch.NTSB SEA90LA022Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-300 · Boulder City, NVThe pilot did not attain proper alignment with the runway. Contributing to the accident was the ditch and the pilot's diverted attention.NTSB NYC90LA033Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · Westfield, MALoss of control during landing due to an improper flare and recovery from a bounced landing. A factor relating to the accident was the lack of total experience of the student pilot.NTSB LAX90LA040Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 150 · Santa Ynez, CAThe student pilot's loss of directional control during a go-around.NTSB ANC90LA015Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 170B · Chugiak, AKThe student pilot's improper planning/decision and his delay in initiating a go-around. Contributing factors were: the student's overconfidence in his personal abilities, his selection of the wrong runway, the resultant tailwind, and icy runway conditions.NTSB MKC90LA035Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 180 · St. Louis, MOThe pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the wind. The gusty, crosswind condition is considered a contributing factor to the accident.NTSB DEN90LA024Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182L · Dove Creek, COImproper flare by the student pilot, his failure to maintain runway alignment, and a delay by the flight instructor (CFI) in initiating remedial action, which resulted in a loss of airspeed and a stall/mush after the aircraft drifted over a cultivated field…NTSB CHI90LA031Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportHelio H-391B · Plainwell, MIFailure of the crosswind landing gear system to engage on the left main gear due to improper rigging adjustment by maintenance personnel. Factors related to the accident were: unfavorable wind conditions (gusts and quartering crosswind) and soft terrain in…NTSB CHI90LA027Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Kokomo, INThe student pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions. Factors related to the accident were: inadequate supervision by the student's flight instructor (CFI), the student's failure to obtain weather information (use a preflight briefing service)…NTSB LAX90LA039Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-28-235 · Rancho Calif, CAThe pilot's loss of directional control during a crosswind landing.NTSB LAX90LA037Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech A23 · Reedley, CAPilot's improper recovery from a bounce landing.NTSB LAX90DVG02Accident · No injuriesFinal reportSchweizer G-164B · Knights Landing, CAThe failure of the right main Landing gear due to a sheared bolt that attached the spring leg to the gear.NTSB LAX90LA032Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMooney 201 · Concord, CAThe pilot's loss of directional control and subsequent collision with an object during a touch and go landing in visual meteorological conditions.NTSB FTW90LA028Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportBeech 95-A55 · Mineral Wells, TXThe landing gear was either not fully extended during the landing or it retracted during the landing roll for an undetermined reason.NTSB BFO90LA010Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 152 · Front Royal, VAFailure of the instructor pilot (CFI) to maintain proper runway alignment with the runway. Contributing factors were: the student pilot's high and fast approach, the cfi's delay in initiating remedial action, the crosswind, and the runwaylight.NTSB SEA90LA015Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182P · Hillsboro, ORFailure of the pilot to attain the proper touchdown point or go around while there was still sufficient runway and speed remaining. The tailwind was a related factor.NTSB BFO90LA021Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportSchweizer SGS-1-35C · Paint Bank, VAThe pilot's improper inflight planning which led to an off-airport landing after encountering deteriorating lift conditions. Contributing factors were the mountainous terrain and lack of a suitable landing area.NTSB FTW90LA026Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 172K · Fabens, TXThe pilot's improper flare during landing and inadequate recovery from the ensuing bounced landing. The unfavorable wind was a related factor.NTSB CHI90LA025Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-260 · Mcleansboro, ILThe pilot-in-command's failure to maintain control of the aircraft while recovering from a bounced landing.NTSB SEA90LA012Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportMcCulloch J-2 · Scappoose, ORDelayed remedial action by the flight instructor and failure of the student to relinguish control. Factors include inadequate airspeed and an excessive descent rate.NTSB MKC90LA025Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportPiper PA-32-300 · Hays, KSThe pilot's failure to properly flare the airplane during landing.NTSB LAX90LA053Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 177 · Tucson, AZImproper flare by the student pilot, which resulted in a porpoise, and his improper recovery from a bounced landing.NTSB SEA90LA014Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportCessna 182E · Quilcene, WAThe pilot failed to adequately compensate for tailwind conditions when landing on a short wet runway.NTSB DEN90LA019Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal reportUniversal Stinson 108-3 · Fort Collins, COInadequate compensation for wind conditons by the pilot which resulted in his failure to maintain directional control. Factors related to the accident were: the unfavorable wind condition and soft terrain.